3 Installation Tasks

3.1.1 Performing Multiple Oracle Database Installations in Noninteractive Mode

If you need to perform multiple installations of Oracle Database, you may want to use noninteractive mode. In noninteractive mode, at each node, you run Oracle Universal Installer from the command line using a response file. The response file is a text file containing the settings you normally enter in the Oracle Universal Installer GUI dialog boxes.

3.3.1 Downloading Oracle Software from the OTN Web Site

This section describes how to download the installation archive files and extract them on your hard disk. It contains the following topics:

• Downloading the Installation Archive Files

• Extracting the Installation Files

3.3.2 Copying the Software to the Hard Disk

Before installing Oracle Database, you might want to copy the software to the hard disk. This enables the installation process to run a bit faster. Before copying the disc content to the hard disk, you must mount the disc. The following sections describe to mount disc and copy its content to the hard disk.

3.4.1 Reviewing Installation Guidelines

Review the following guidelines before starting Oracle Universal Installer:

• Oracle Universal Installer

  Do not use Oracle Universal Installer from an earlier Oracle product release to install components from this release.

• Password recommendations

  Apply the following guidelines when specifying passwords:

  • Passwords must be between 4 and 30 characters long.

  • Passwords must be from the database character set and can include the underscore (_), dollar ($), and pound sign (#) characters.

  • Passwords must not start with a numeral.

  • Passwords must not be the same as the user name.

  • Passwords must not be Oracle reserved words.

  • The SYS account password must not be change_on_install.

  • The SYSTEM account password must not be manager.

  • The SYSMAN account password must not be sysman.

  • The DBSNMP account password must not be dbsnmp.

  • If you choose to use the same password for all the accounts, then that password must not be change_on_install, manager, sysman, or dbsnmp.

  • Passwords should have at least 1 alphabetic, 1 numeric, and 1 punctuation mark character

  • Passwords should not be simple or obvious words, such as welcome, account, database, and user.

  See Also:

  "Reviewing Accounts and Passwords" for more information about accounts and passwords

• Products requiring a custom installation

  To install the following products, you must choose the Custom installation type:

  • Oracle Label Security

    Note:

    Before you perform a custom installation, make sure all databases in the Oracle home where you want to install Oracle Label Security are shut down.

    If you want to configure OLS to use Oracle Internet Directory, you must choose the OID option when running the Database Configuration Assistant.

  • Oracle Connection Manager

  • Data Mining Scoring Engine

• Installations on a cluster

  If Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) are already installed on the system, Oracle Universal Installer displays the Specify Hardware Cluster Installation Mode screen. You must select Local Installation on this screen, unless you want to install Oracle Real Application Clusters.

  If you do want to install Oracle Real Application Clusters, refer to the Oracle Database Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide for Linux instead of using this guide.

• Reinstalling Oracle software

  If you reinstall Oracle software into an Oracle home directory where Oracle Database is already installed, you must also re-install any components, such as Oracle Partitioning, that were installed before you began the re-installation.

3.4.2 Running Oracle Universal Installer

This section describes the Basic Installation as a default setting. For any type of installation process, start Oracle Universal Installer and install the software, as follows:

1. If you are installing the software from disc, mount the first disc if it is not already mounted.

   Some platforms automatically mount the disc when you insert the disc into the drive.

   If the disc does not mount automatically, refer to the "Mounting Discs" section for platform-specific information about mounting it.

2. To start Oracle Universal Installer, complete one of the following steps depending on the location of the installation files:

   Note:

   Start Oracle Universal Installer from the terminal session where you logged in as the oracle user and set the user's environment (described in Chapter 2).

   • If the installation files are on disc, enter commands similar to the following, where directory_path is the path of the database directory on the DVD:

     $ cd /tmp
     $ /directory_path/runInstaller
     
     

   • If the installation files are on the hard disk, change directory to the client directory and enter the following command:

     $ ./runInstaller
     
     

   If Oracle Universal Installer does not appear, refer to the "X Window Display Errors" section for information about troubleshooting.

3. Use the following guidelines to complete the installation:

   • Follow the instructions displayed on the Oracle Universal Installer screens. If you need additional information, click Help.

   • When Oracle Universal Installer prompts you to run a script with root privileges, enter a command similar to the following in a terminal where you are logged in as the root user, then click Continue or OK:

     # /script_path/script_name
     
     

     The following table lists the various screens displayed and the recommended actions required when you select the Basic Installation option.

     Screen	Recommended Action
     Select Installation Method	The Basic Installation option is selected by default. Specify the directory path of the Oracle home. Ensure that the UNIX DBA group oinstall is selected. If you want to create a starter database, then specify a name and password for it. Then, click Next. Note: This screen consists of Basic Installation and Advanced Installation options. Select the Advanced Installation option if you intend to use custom installation.
     Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials	This screen is displayed only during the first installation of Oracle products on a system. Specify the full path of the Oracle Inventory directory. Ensure that the operating system group selected is oinstall. Then, click Next.
     Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks	Verify that all of the prerequisite checks succeed, then click Next. Oracle Universal Installer checks the system to verify that it is configured correctly to run Oracle software. If you have completed all of the preinstallation steps in this guide, all of the checks should pass. If a check fails, then review the cause of the failure listed for that check on the screen. If possible, rectify the problem and rerun the check. Alternatively, if you are satisfied that your system meets the requirements, then you can select the check box for the failed check to manually verify the requirement.
     Summary	Review the information displayed on this screen, and then click Install.
     Install	This screen displays status information while the product is being installed.
     Configuration Assistants	This screen displays status information for the configuration assistants that configure the software and create a database. When the message is displayed at the end of DBCA process, click OK to continue.
     Execute Configuration Scripts	When prompted, read the instructions and then run the scripts mentioned on this screen. Click OK to continue.
     End of Installation	The configuration assistants configure several Web-based applications, including Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control. This screen displays the URLs configured for these applications. Make a note of the URLs used. The port numbers used in these URLs are also recorded in the following file: oracle_home/install/portlist.ini To exit from Oracle Universal Installer, click Exit and then click Yes.

     
     

   • If you encounter errors while installing or linking the software, refer to Appendix E for information about troubleshooting.

4. If you chose an installation type that runs Database Configuration Assistant and Oracle Net Configuration Assistant (NetCA) in interactive mode, you must provide detailed information about configuring the database and network.

   If you need assistance when using the Database Configuration Assistant or NetCA in interactive mode, then click Help on the screen.

   Note:

   If you chose a default installation, the Database Configuration Assistant and NetCA run in noninteractive mode.

5. When all of the configuration tools have finished, click Exit, then click Yes to exit from Oracle Universal Installer.

3.5.1 Step 1: Reviewing Automatic Storage Management Installation Considerations

Apply these guidelines when you install Automatic Storage Management:

• Before installing Automatic Storage Management, it is recommended that you install the optional add-on Automatic Storage Management support library, ASMLib. ASMLib is an application program interface (API) Oracle that is aimed at simplifying the interface between the operating system and the database, and to exploit the capabilities and strengths of storage arrays provided by different vendors.

  ASMLib provides an alternative interface for the Automatic Storage Management-enabled kernel to discover and access block devices. It provides storage and operating system vendors the opportunity to supply extended storage-related features. These features provide benefits such as improved performance and greater data integrity.

  See Also:

  For more information about ASMLib, visit the Automatic Storage Management page on the Oracle Technology Network Web site at http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/database/asm

  The ASMLib files can be downloaded from

  http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/linux/asmlib

• You must complete the steps in "Preparing Disk Groups for an Automatic Storage Management Installation" to prepare a disk partition to use for the Automatic Storage Management disk groups.

• Oracle recommends that you install Automatic Storage Management in its own Oracle home, regardless of whether you plan to only have one or multiple database instances. Installing Automatic Storage Management in its own Oracle home helps ensure higher availability and manageability.

  With separate Oracle homes, you can upgrade Automatic Storage Management and databases independently, and you can remove database software without impacting the Automatic Storage Management instance. Ensure that the Automatic Storage Management version is the same or later than the Oracle Database version.

  If an Automatic Storage Management installation does not already exist and you select the Oracle Universal Installer option to install and configure Automatic Storage Management only, then Oracle Universal Installer installs Automatic Storage Management in its own Oracle home.

• Each computer that has one or more Oracle Database instances that will use Automatic Storage Management must have one ASM instance. For example, if a computer has two Oracle Database instances that use Automatic Storage Management, you need only one ASM instance for that computer, to manage the two database instances that use Automatic Storage Management.

• When you install Automatic Storage Management, Oracle Database Configuration Assistant creates a separate server parameter file (SPFILE) and password file for the Automatic Storage Management instance.

3.5.2 Step 2: Creating the Automatic Storage Management Instance and Disk Groups

The following steps explain how to create an Automatic Storage Management instance and a disk group for storing Oracle Database files. You can create multiple disk groups for the Automatic Storage Management instance to manage, if you want. If you plan to use Automatic Storage Management for backup and recovery operations, then Oracle recommends that you create a separate disk group for this purpose.

To install an Automatic Storage Management instance and configure its disk groups:

1. If you are installing the software from disc, mount the first disc if it is not already mounted.

   Some platforms automatically mount the disc when you insert the disc into the drive.

   If the disc does not mount automatically, refer to the "Mounting Discs" section for platform-specific information about mounting it.

2. To start Oracle Universal Installer, complete one of the following steps depending on the location of the installation files:

   Note:

   Start Oracle Universal Installer from the terminal session where you logged in as the oracle user and set the user's environment (described in Chapter 2).

   • If the installation files are on disc, enter commands similar to the following, where directory_path is the path of the database directory on the DVD:

     $ cd /tmp
     $ /directory_path/runInstaller
     
     

   • If the installation files are on the hard disk, change directory to the database directory and enter the following command:

     $ ./runInstaller
     
     

   If Oracle Universal Installer does not appear, refer to the "X Window Display Errors" section for information about troubleshooting.

3. On the Welcome screen, select Advanced Installation and then click Next.

   See Also:

   "Running Oracle Universal Installer" for a detailed description of the screens used in this procedure

4. On the Select Installation Type screen, select either Enterprise Edition, Standard Edition, or Custom, and then click Next.

5. On the Specify Home Details screen, enter an Automatic Storage Management-specific name and directory location for the Automatic Storage Management instance.

   For example, you could change name to OraDB10g+ASM and the directory location to the following:

   /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/asm
   
   

6. Click Next.

7. On the Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks screen, check that the requirements have been met and then click Next.

8. On the Select Configuration Option screen, select Configure Automatic Storage Management (ASM) and then specify and confirm the ASM SYS password. Then, click Next.

9. On the Configure Automatic Storage Management screen, enter the following settings:

   Note:

   This screen lets you create the disk groups to use with the Automatic Storage Management instance. You must have an available partition in order to create disk groups.

   • Disk Group Name: Enter a name for the disk group.

   • Redundancy: Select one of the following choices to set the redundancy level for the disks within the disk group. If you do not specify a redundancy level, the disk group defaults to normal redundancy.

     • High: The contents of the disk group are three-way mirrored by default. To create a disk group with high redundancy, you must specify at least three failure groups (a minimum of three devices).

     • Normal: By default, the datafiles of the disk group are two-way mirrored and the control files are three-way mirrored. You can choose to create certain files that are three-way mirrored or not mirrored. To create a disk group with normal redundancy, you must specify at least two failure groups (a minimum of two devices) for two-way mirroring.

     • External: Automatic Storage Management does not mirror the contents of the disk group. Choose this redundancy level when 1) the disk group contains devices, such as RAID devices, that provide their own data protection; or 2) your use of the database does not require uninterrupted access to data, for example, in a development environment where you have a suitable backup strategy.

   • Add Disks: Enter /dev/raw as the disk recovery path. You can also click Disk Recovery Path and enter the required disk recovery path in the dialog box and click OK.

10. Click Next.

11. On the Install screen, check the installed contents, and then click Install.

12. To create another disk group for this instance, run Oracle Database Control Assistant from the $ORACLE_HOME/bin directory manually, and select the Configure Automatic Storage Management option.

At this stage, subsequent databases that you create are able to use Automatic Storage Management. If you have databases that were created before you installed Automatic Storage Management, then you now can migrate them to Automatic Storage Management by using the Enterprise Manager Migrate Database Wizard. This wizard is available in Enterprise Manager Grid Control or Database Control. Alternatively, you can use Oracle Database Recovery Manager (RMAN) to perform the migration.

3.5.3 Step 3: Installing Oracle Database to Use with Automatic Storage Management

After you have created the Automatic Storage Management instance and Automatic Storage Management disk groups, you are ready to create a database instance that can use Automatic Storage Management.

To create a database instance to use with Automatic Storage Management:

1. Start Oracle Universal Installer.

2. On the Welcome screen, select Advanced Installation and then click Next.

3. On the Select Installation Type screen, select one of the installation types, and then click Next.

4. On the Specify Home Details screen, select a different Oracle home from the home used for Automatic Storage Management.

5. If you selected the Custom installation type, then select from the products to install.

6. On the Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks screen, check that the requirements have been met and then click Next.

7. On the Select Configuration Option screen, select Create a Database.

8. On the Select Database Configuration screen, select from the database types displayed and click Next.

9. On the Specify Database Configuration Options screen, enter the following settings and then click Next.

   • Database Naming: Enter a name for the database.

   • Database Character Set: Select the database character set that you want to use. The default offered is based on the character set that the operating system uses.

   • Database Examples: Select this option to create the EXAMPLE tablespace, which contains sample schemas. This is optional, but recommended.

10. On the Select Database Management Option screen, select either Use Grid Control for Database Management if you have Oracle Enterprise Manager installed, or if you do not have Enterprise Manager, select Use Database Control for Database Management. Optionally, select Enable Email Notifications and then enter the outgoing SMTP server and e-mail address. Then, click Next.

    After you complete the installation, you can use either of these utilities to manage the Automatic Storage Management instance.

11. On the Specify Database Storage Option screen, select Automatic Storage Management (ASM) and click Next.

12. On the Specify Backup and Recovery Options screen, perform the following actions:

    • Enable Automated Backups: Select this option, and then select Automatic Storage Management.

    • Backup Job Credentials: Enter the user name and password of the person responsible for managing backups.

13. Click Next.

14. On the Select ASM Disk Group screen, select the Automatic Storage Management disk group that you created in "Step 2: Creating the Automatic Storage Management Instance and Disk Groups" for recovery and backups.

    If the Automatic Storage Management disks that you select do not provide enough space, then the Configure Storage Management screen is displayed so that you can select additional disks as needed. As you select the disks, the adjusted sizes are displayed in the Required Storage Space region. Ideally, the Additional Space Needed value should be a negative number.

15. Click Next.

16. On the Specify Database Schema Passwords screen, enter and confirm passwords for the privileged database accounts, then click Next.

17. On the Summary screen, check that the contents to be installed are correct, and then click Install.

3.5.4 Step 4: Testing the Automatic Storage Management Installation

To test the Automatic Storage Management installation, try logging in by using the asmcmd command-line utility, which lets you manage Automatic Storage Management disk group files and directories. To do this:

1. Open a shell window, and temporarily set the ORACLE_SID and ORACLE_HOME environment variables to specify the appropriate values for the Automatic Storage Management instance that you want to use.

   For example, if the Automatic Storage Management SID, which is named +ASM and is located in the asm subdirectory of the ORACLE_BASE directory, then enter the following commands to create the required settings:

   • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

     $ ORACLE_SID=+ASM
     $ export ORACLE_SID
     $ ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/asm
     $ export ORACLE_HOME
     
     

   • C shell:

     % setenv ORACLE_SID +ASM
     % setenv ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/asm
     
     

2. By using SQL*Plus, connect to the Automatic Storage Management instance as the SYS user with SYSDBA privilege and start the instance if necessary:

   # $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus "SYS/SYS_password as SYSDBA"
   SQL> STARTUP
   
   

3. Enter the following command to view the existing disk groups, their redundancy level, and the amount of free disk space in each one:

   SQL> SELECT NAME,TYPE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB FROM V$ASM_DISKGROUP;