Oracle® Database SQL Quick Reference 10g Release 2 (10.2) Part Number B14195-02 |
|
|
View PDF |
This chapter presents the syntax for the subclauses found in the syntax for SQL statements, functions, expressions and conditions.
This chapter includes the following section:
The sections that follow show the syntax for each subclause found in:
See Also:
Oracle Database SQL Reference for detailed information about Oracle SQLACTIVATE [ PHYSICAL | LOGICAL ] STANDBY DATABASE [ FINISH APPLY ]
ADD BINDING (parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...) RETURN (return_type) [ implementation_clause ] using_function_clause
ADD ( column_definition [, column_definition] ... ) [ column_properties ]
ADD [ FAILGROUP failgroup_name ] DISK qualified_disk_clause [, qualified_disk_clause ]... [ [ FAILGROUP failgroup_name ] DISK qualified_disk_clause [, qualified_disk_clause ]... ]...
ADD PARTITION [ partition_name ] [ TABLESPACE tablespace_name ] [ parallel_clause ]
ADD PARTITION [ partition ] partitioning_storage_clause [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
ADD subpartition_spec [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
ADD PARTITION [ partition ] list_values_clause [ table_partition_description ] [ update_index_clauses ]
ADD subpartition_spec [ update_index_clauses ]
ADD [ STANDBY ] LOGFILE { [ INSTANCE 'instance_name' ] [ GROUP integer ] redo_log_file_spec [, [ GROUP integer ] redo_log_file_spec ]... | MEMBER 'filename' [ REUSE ] [, 'filename' [ REUSE ] ]... TO logfile_descriptor [, logfile_descriptor ]... }
ADD OVERFLOW [ segment_attributes_clause ] [ (PARTITION [ segment_attributes_clause ] [, PARTITION [ segment_attributes_clause ] ]... ) ]
ADD PARTITION [ partition ] range_values_clause [ table_partition_description ] [ update_index_clauses ]
{ add_range_partition_clause | add_hash_partition_clause | add_list_partition_clause }
+diskgroup_name [ (template_name) ] /alias_name
ALLOCATE EXTENT [ ( { SIZE size_clause | DATAFILE 'filename' | INSTANCE integer } [ SIZE size_clause | DATAFILE 'filename' | INSTANCE integer ]... ) ]
{ { ADD | MODIFY } ATTRIBUTE { attribute [ datatype ] | ( attribute datatype [, attribute datatype ]... ) } | DROP ATTRIBUTE { attribute | ( attribute [, attribute ]... ) } }
MODIFY { LIMIT integer | ELEMENT TYPE datatype }
DATAFILE { 'filename' | filenumber } [, 'filename' | filenumber ]... } { ONLINE | OFFLINE [ FOR DROP ] | RESIZE size_clause | autoextend_clause | END BACKUP }
{ add_column_clause | modify_column_clauses | drop_column_clause | parallel_clause | external_data_properties | REJECT LIMIT { integer | UNLIMITED } | PROJECT COLUMN { ALL | REFERENCED } } [ add_column_clause | modify_column_clauses | drop_column_clause | parallel_clause | external_data_properties | REJECT LIMIT { integer | UNLIMITED } | PROJECT COLUMN { ALL | REFERENCED } ]...
{ modify_index_default_attrs | add_hash_index_partition | modify_index_partition | rename_index_partition | drop_index_partition | split_index_partition | coalesce_index_partition | modify_index_subpartition }
{ index_org_table_clause | alter_overflow_clause | alter_mapping_table_clauses | COALESCE }
MAPPING TABLE { allocate_extent_clause | deallocate_unused_clause }
{ ADD | DROP } { map_order_function_spec | subprogram_spec } [ { ADD | DROP } { map_order_function_spec | subprogram_spec } ]...
REFRESH { { FAST | COMPLETE | FORCE } | ON { DEMAND | COMMIT } | { START WITH | NEXT } date | WITH PRIMARY KEY | USING { DEFAULT MASTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT | MASTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment } | USING { ENFORCED | TRUSTED } CONSTRAINTS }
{ OVERFLOW { allocate_extent_clause | shrink_clause | deallocate_unused_clause } [ allocate_extent_clause | shrink_clause | deallocate_unused_clause ]... | add_overflow_clause }
SET parameter_name = parameter_value [ parameter_name = parameter_value ]...
parameter_name [ SCOPE = { MEMORY | SPFILE | BOTH } ] SID = 'sid'
{ { ENABLE | DISABLE } RESTRICTED SESSION | SET ENCRYPTION WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "password" | SET ENCRYPTION WALLET CLOSE | SET ENCRYPTION KEY [ "certificate_id" ] IDENTIFIED BY "password" }
parameter_name = parameter_value [, parameter_value ]... [ COMMENT = string ] [ DEFERRED ] [ SCOPE = { MEMORY | SPFILE | BOTH } ] [ SID = { 'sid' | * } ]
{ modify_table_default_attrs | set_subpartition_template | modify_table_partition | modify_table_subpartition | move_table_partition | move_table_subpartition | add_table_partition | coalesce_table_partition | drop_table_partition | drop_table_subpartition | rename_partition_subpart | truncate_partition_subpart | split_table_partition | split_table_subpartition | merge_table_partitions | merge_table_subpartitions | exchange_partition_subpart }
{ { physical_attributes_clause | logging_clause | table_compression | supplemental_table_logging | allocate_extent_clause | deallocate_unused_clause | shrink_clause | { CACHE | NOCACHE } | upgrade_table_clause | records_per_block_clause | parallel_clause | row_movement_clause } [ physical_attributes_clause | logging_clause | table_compression | supplemental_table_logging | allocate_extent_clause | deallocate_unused_clause | shrink_clause | { CACHE | NOCACHE } | upgrade_table_clause | records_per_block_clause | parallel_clause | row_movement_clause ]... | RENAME TO new_table_name } [ alter_iot_clauses ]
TEMPFILE { 'filename' [, 'filename' ]... | filenumber [, filenumber ]... } { RESIZE size_clause | autoextend_clause | DROP [ INCLUDING DATAFILES ] | ONLINE | OFFLINE }
MODIFY VARRAY varray_item ( modify_LOB_parameters )
[ query_partition_clause ] [ order_by_clause [ windowing_clause ] ]
ARCHIVE LOG [ INSTANCE 'instance_name' ] { { SEQUENCE integer | CHANGE integer | CURRENT [ NOSWITCH ] | GROUP integer | LOGFILE 'filename' [ USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE ] | NEXT | ALL | START } [ TO 'location' ] | STOP }
[ WITH | WITHOUT ] ARRAY DML [ ([ schema. ]type [, [ schema. ]varray_type ]) [, ([ schema. ]type [, [ schema. ]varray_type ])... ]
{ fully_qualified_file_name | numeric_file_name | incomplete_file_name | alias_file_name }
ATTRIBUTE level DETERMINES { dependent_column | ( dependent_column [, dependent_column ]... ) }
BY { proxy [, proxy ]... | user [, user ]... }
ON { [ schema. ]object | DIRECTORY directory_name | DEFAULT }
AUTOEXTEND { OFF | ON [ NEXT size_clause ] [ maxsize_clause ] }
BINDING (parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...) RETURN return_type [ implementation_clause ] using_function_clause [, (parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...) RETURN return_type [ implementation_clause ] using_function_clause ]...
[ schema.]table ( [ [ schema. ]table. | t_alias. ]column [ ASC | DESC ] [, [ [ schema. ]table. | t_alias. ]column [ ASC | DESC ] ]... ) FROM [ schema. ]table [ t_alias ] [, [ schema. ]table [ t_alias ] ]... WHERE condition [ local_partitioned_index ] index_attributes
BUILD { IMMEDIATE | DEFERRED }
C [ NAME name ] LIBRARY lib_name [ AGENT IN (argument[, argument ]...) ] [ WITH CONTEXT ] [ PARAMETERS (parameter[, parameter ]...) ]
LANGUAGE { Java_declaration | C_declaration }
CANCEL { IMMEDIATE | WAIT | NOWAIT }
measure_column [ { { condition | expr | single_column_for_loop } [, { condition | expr | single_column_for_loop } ]... | multi_column_for_loop } ] Note: The outer square brackets are part of the syntax. In this case, they do not indicate optionality.
[ { IGNORE | KEEP } NAV ] [ UNIQUE { DIMENSION | SINGLE REFERENCE } ]
CHARACTER SET character_set
CHECK DATAFILES [ GLOBAL | LOCAL ]
CHECK { ALL | DISK disk_name [, disk_name ]... | DISKS IN FAILGROUP failgroup_name [, failgroup_name ]... | FILE filename [, filename ]... } [ REPAIR | NOREPAIR ]
CHECKPOINT [ GLOBAL | LOCAL ]
CLUSTER [ schema. ] cluster index_attributes
COALESCE PARTITION [ parallel_clause ]
COALESCE PARTITION [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
COLUMNS [ schema. ]table.column [, [ schema. ]table.column ]... using_statistics_type
{ { add_column_clause | modify_column_clause | drop_column_clause } [ add_column_clause | modify_column_clause | drop_column_clause ]... | rename_column_clause | modify_collection_retrieval [ modify_collection_retrieval ]... | modify_LOB_storage_clause [ modify_LOB_storage_clause ] ... | alter_varray_col_properties [ alter_varray_col_properties ] ... | REKEY encryption_spec }
column datatype [ SORT ] [ DEFAULT expr ] [ ENCRYPT encryption_spec ] [ ( inline_constraint [ inline_constraint ] ... ) | inline_ref_constraint ]
{ object_type_col_properties | nested_table_col_properties | { varray_col_properties | LOB_storage_clause } [ (LOB_partition_storage [, LOB_partition_storage ]... ) ] | XMLType_column_properties } [ { object_type_col_properties | nested_table_col_properties | { varray_col_properties | LOB_storage_clause } [ (LOB_partition_storage [, LOB_partition_storage ]... ) ] | XMLType_column_properties } ]...
{ PREPARE | COMMIT } TO SWITCHOVER [ TO { { PHYSICAL | LOGICAL } PRIMARY | [ PHYSICAL ] STANDBY [ { WITH | WITHOUT } SESSION SHUTDOWN { WAIT | NOWAIT } ] | LOGICAL STANDBY } | CANCEL ]
COMPILE [ DEBUG ] [ SPECIFICATION | BODY ] [ compiler_parameters_clause [ compiler_parameters_clause ] ... ] [ REUSE SETTINGS ]
parameter_name = parameter_value
PARTITION BY RANGE ( column_list ) [ subpartition_by_list | subpartition_by_hash ] ( PARTITION [ partition ] range_values_clause table_partition_description [, PARTITION [ partition ] range_values_clause table_partition_description ] ... )
COMPUTE [ SYSTEM ] STATISTICS [ for_clause ]
[ ALL | FIRST ] WHEN condition THEN insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] [ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] ]... [ WHEN condition THEN insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] [ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] ]... ]... [ ELSE insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] [ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] ]... ]
{ inline_constraint | out_of_line_constraint | inline_ref_constraint | out_of_line_ref_constraint }
{ ADD { out_of_line_constraint [ out_of_line_constraint ]... | out_of_line_REF_constraint } | MODIFY { CONSTRAINT constraint | PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE (column [, column ]...) } constraint_state | RENAME CONSTRAINT old_name TO new_name | drop_constraint_clause }
[ [ [ NOT ] DEFERRABLE ] [ INITIALLY { IMMEDIATE | DEFERRED } ] | [ INITIALLY { IMMEDIATE | DEFERRED } ] [ [ NOT ] DEFERRABLE ] ] [ RELY | NORELY ] [ using_index_clause ] [ ENABLE | DISABLE ] [ VALIDATE | NOVALIDATE ] [ exceptions_clause ]
[ FINAL ] [ INSTANTIABLE ] CONSTRUCTOR FUNCTION datatype [ [ SELF IN OUT datatype, ] parameter datatype [, parameter datatype ]... ] RETURN SELF AS RESULT { IS | AS } { pl/sql_block | call_spec }
[ FINAL ] [ INSTANTIABLE ] CONSTRUCTOR FUNCTION datatype [ ([ SELF IN OUT datatype, ] parameter datatype [, parameter datatype ]... ) ] RETURN SELF AS RESULT [ { IS | AS } call_spec ]
[ WITH INDEX CONTEXT, SCAN CONTEXT implementation_type [ COMPUTE ANCILLARY DATA ] ] [ WITH COLUMN CONTEXT ]
{ CREATE [ LOGICAL | PHYSICAL ] STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS 'filename' [ REUSE ] | BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO { 'filename' [ REUSE ] | trace_file_clause } }
CONVERT TO PHYSICAL STANDBY
COST MODEL
CREATE DATAFILE { 'filename' | filenumber } [, 'filename' | filenumber ]... } [ AS { file_specification [, file_specification ]... | NEW } ]
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] TYPE [ schema. ]type_name ;
{ REFRESH { { FAST | COMPLETE | FORCE } | ON { DEMAND | COMMIT } | { START WITH | NEXT } date | WITH { PRIMARY KEY | ROWID } | USING { DEFAULT [ MASTER | LOCAL ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT | [ MASTER | LOCAL ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment } [ DEFAULT [ MASTER | LOCAL ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT | [ MASTER | LOCAL ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment ]... | USING { ENFORCED | TRUSTED } CONSTRAINTS } [ { FAST | COMPLETE | FORCE } | ON { DEMAND | COMMIT } | { START WITH | NEXT } date | WITH { PRIMARY KEY | ROWID } | USING { DEFAULT [ MASTER | LOCAL ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT | [ MASTER | LOCAL ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment } [ DEFAULT [ MASTER | LOCAL ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT | [ MASTER | LOCAL ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment ]... | USING { ENFORCED | TRUSTED } CONSTRAINTS ]... | NEVER REFRESH }
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] TYPE [ schema. ]type_name [ OID 'object_identifier' ] { IS | AS } TABLE OF datatype ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] TYPE [ schema. ]type_name [ OID 'object_identifier' ] [ invoker_rights_clause ] { { IS | AS } OBJECT | UNDER [schema.]supertype } [ sqlj_object_type ] [ ( attribute datatype [ sqlj_object_type_attr ] [, attribute datatype [ sqlj_object_type_attr ]... [, element_spec [, element_spec ]... ] ) ] [ [ NOT ] FINAL ] [ [ NOT ] INSTANTIABLE ] ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] TYPE [ schema. ]type_name [ OID 'object_identifier' ] { IS | AS } { VARRAY | VARYING ARRAY } (limit) OF datatype ;
{ RENAME FILE 'filename' [, 'filename' ]... TO 'filename' | create_datafile_clause | alter_datafile_clause | alter_tempfile_clause }
{ LOGFILE [ GROUP integer ] file_specification [, [ GROUP integer ] file_specification ]... | MAXLOGFILES integer | MAXLOGMEMBERS integer | MAXLOGHISTORY integer | { ARCHIVELOG | NOARCHIVELOG } | FORCE LOGGING }
{ ADD { DATAFILE | TEMPFILE } [ file_specification [, file_specification ]... ] | DROP {DATAFILE | TEMPFILE } { 'filename' | file_number } | RENAME DATAFILE 'filename' [, 'filename' ]... TO 'filename' [, 'filename' ]... | { DATAFILE | TEMPFILE } { ONLINE | OFFLINE } }
[ 'filename' | 'ASM_filename' ] [ SIZE size_clause ] [ REUSE ] [ autoextend_clause ]
database[.domain [.domain ]... ] [ @ connect_descriptor ]
AUTHENTICATED BY user IDENTIFIED BY password
db_user_proxy [ WITH { ROLE { role_name [, role_name]... | ALL EXCEPT role_name [, role_name]... } | NO ROLES ) ] [ AUTHENTICATION REQUIRED ]
DEALLOCATE UNUSED [ KEEP size_clause ]
DEFAULT COST (cpu_cost, io_cost, network_cost)
DEFAULT SELECTIVITY default_selectivity
DEFAULT TABLESPACE tablespace [ DATAFILE datafile_tempfile_spec ] extent_management_clause
{ SET DEFAULT { BIGFILE | SMALLFILE } TABLESPACE | DEFAULT TABLESPACE tablespace | DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE { tablespace | tablespace_group_name } | RENAME GLOBAL_NAME TO database.domain [.domain ]... | { ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING [ USING FILE 'filename' [ REUSE ] ] | DISABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING } | flashback_mode_clause | set_time_zone_clause }
[ BIGFILE | SMALLFILE ] DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tablespace [ TEMPFILE file_specification [, file_specification ]... ] extent_management_clause
{ INVALIDATE | CASCADE [ { [ NOT ] INCLUDING TABLE DATA | CONVERT TO SUBSTITUTABLE } ] [ [FORCE ] exceptions_clause ] }
JOIN KEY { child_key_column | (child_key_column [, child_key_column ]...) } REFERENCES parent_level [ JOIN KEY { child_key_column | (child_key_column [, child_key_column ]...) } REFERENCES parent_level ]...
{ ADD ALIAS 'alias_name' FOR 'filename' [, 'alias_name' FOR 'filename' ]... | DROP ALIAS 'alias_name' [, 'alias_name' ]... | RENAME ALIAS 'old_alias_name' TO 'new_alias_name' [, 'old_alias_name' TO 'new_alias_name' ]... }
{ MOUNT | DISMOUNT [ FORCE | NOFORCE ] }
{ ADD DIRECTORY 'filename' [, 'filename' ]... | DROP DIRECTORY 'filename' [ FORCE | NOFORCE ] [, 'filename' [ FORCE | NOFORCE ] ]... | RENAME DIRECTORY 'old_dir_name' TO 'new_dir_name' [, 'old_dir_name' TO 'new_dir_name' ]... }
{ { ADD | ALTER } TEMPLATE qualified_template_clause [, qualified_template_clause ]... | DROP TEMPLATE template_name [, template_name ]... }
{ ENABLE | DISABLE } DISTRIBUTED RECOVERY
{ DELETE | INSERT | UPDATE [ OF column [, column ]... ] } [ OR { DELETE | INSERT | UPDATE [ OF column [, column]... ] } ]... ON { [ schema. ]table | [ NESTED TABLE nested_table_column OF ] [ schema. ] view } [ referencing_clause ] [ FOR EACH ROW ]
{ [ schema. ] { table [ { PARTITION (partition) | SUBPARTITION (subpartition) } | @ dblink ] | { view | materialized view } [ @ dblink ] } | ( subquery [ subquery_restriction_clause ] ) | table_collection_expression }
INDEXTYPE IS indextype [ parallel_clause ] [ PARAMETERS ('ODCI_parameters') ]
DROP BINDING (parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...) [ FORCE ]
{ SET UNUSED { COLUMN column | (column [, column ]...) } [ { CASCADE CONSTRAINTS | INVALIDATE } [ CASCADE CONSTRAINTS | INVALIDATE ]... ] | DROP { COLUMN column | (column [, column ]...) } [ { CASCADE CONSTRAINTS | INVALIDATE } [ CASCADE CONSTRAINTS | INVALIDATE ]... ] [ CHECKPOINT integer ] | DROP { UNUSED COLUMNS | COLUMNS CONTINUE } [ CHECKPOINT integer ] }
DROP { { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE (column [, column ]...) } [ CASCADE ] [ { KEEP | DROP } INDEX ] | CONSTRAINT constraint [ CASCADE ] }
DROP { DISK disk_name [ FORCE | NOFORCE ] [, disk_name [ FORCE | NOFORCE ] ]... | DISKS IN FAILGROUP failgroup_name [ FORCE | NOFORCE ] [, failgroup_name [ FORCE | NOFORCE ] ]... }
DROP FILE 'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
DROP PARTITION partition_name
DROP [ STANDBY ] LOGFILE { logfile_descriptor [, logfile_descriptor ]... | MEMBER 'filename' [, 'filename' ]... }
DROP PARTITION partition [ update_index_clauses [ parallel_clause ] ]
DROP SUBPARTITION subpartition [ update_index_clauses [ parallel_clause ] ]
[ inheritance_clauses ] { subprogram_spec | constructor_spec | map_order_function_spec } [ subprogram_clause | constructor_spec | map_order_function_spec ]... [, pragma_clause ]
ELSE else_expr
{ ENABLE | DISABLE } [ VALIDATE | NOVALIDATE ] { UNIQUE (column [, column ]...) | PRIMARY KEY | CONSTRAINT constraint } [ using_index_clause ] [ exceptions_clause ] [ CASCADE ] [ { KEEP | DROP } INDEX ]
{ DISCONNECT SESSION 'integer1, integer2' [ POST_TRANSACTION ] | KILL SESSION 'integer1, integer2' } [ IMMEDIATE ]
[ USING 'encrypt_algorithm' ] [ IDENTIFIED BY password ] [ [NO] SALT ]
LOG ERRORS [ INTO [schema.] table ] [ (simple_expression) ] [ REJECT LIMIT { integer | UNLIMITED } ]
ESTIMATE [ SYSTEM ] STATISTICS [ for_clause ] [ SAMPLE integer { ROWS | PERCENT } ]
EXCEPTIONS INTO [ schema. ]table
EXCHANGE { PARTITION partition | SUBPARTITION subpartition } WITH TABLE table [ { INCLUDING | EXCLUDING } INDEXES ] [ { WITH | WITHOUT } VALIDATION ] [ exceptions_clause ] [ update_index_clauses [ parallel_clause ] ]
{ simple_expression | compound_expression | case_expression | cursor_expression | datetime_expression | function_expression | interval_expression | object_access_expression | scalar_subquery_expression | model_expression | type_constructor_expression | variable_expression }
{ expr [, expr ]... | (expr [, expr ]...) }
ATTRIBUTE attribute LEVEL level DETERMINES { dependent_column | (dependent_column [, dependent_column ]... ) [ LEVEL level DETERMINES { dependent_column | (dependent_column [, dependent_column ]... ) ]...
EXTENT MANAGEMENT { LOCAL [ AUTOALLOCATE | UNIFORM [ SIZE size_clause ] ] | DICTIONARY }
DEFAULT DIRECTORY directory [ ACCESS PARAMETERS { (opaque_format_spec) | USING CLOB subquery } ] LOCATION ([ directory: ] 'location_specifier' [, [ directory: ] 'location_specifier' ]... )
([ TYPE access_driver_type ] external_data_properties ) [ REJECT LIMIT { integer | UNLIMITED } ]
{ datafile_tempfile_spec | redo_log_file_spec }
FINISH [ FORCE ] [ WAIT | NOWAIT ]
FLASHBACK { ON | OFF }
[ VERSIONS BETWEEN { SCN | TIMESTAMP } { expr | MINVALUE } AND { expr | MAXVALUE } ] AS OF { SCN | TIMESTAMP } expr
FOR { TABLE | ALL [ INDEXED ] COLUMNS [ SIZE integer ] | COLUMNS [ SIZE integer ] { column | attribute } [ SIZE integer ] [ { column | attribute } [ SIZE integer ] ]... | ALL [ LOCAL ] INDEXES } [ FOR { TABLE | ALL [ INDEXED ] COLUMNS [ SIZE integer ] | COLUMNS [ SIZE integer ] { column | attribute } [ SIZE integer ] [ { column | attribute } [ SIZE integer ] ]... | ALL [ LOCAL ] INDEXES } ]...
FOR UPDATE [ OF [ [ schema. ] { table | view } . ]column [, [ [ schema. ] { table | view } . ]column ]... ] [ NOWAIT | WAIT integer ]
[ STANDBY ] DATABASE [ { UNTIL { CANCEL | TIME date | CHANGE integer } | USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE } [ UNTIL { CANCEL | TIME date | CHANGE integer } | USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE ]... ]
+diskgroup_name/db_name/file_type/ file_type_tag.filenumber.incarnation_number
{ FUNCTIONS [ schema. ]function [, [ schema. ]function ]... | PACKAGES [ schema. ]package [, [ schema. ]package ]... | TYPES [ schema. ]type [, [ schema. ]type ]... | INDEXES [ schema. ]index [, [ schema. ]index ]... | INDEXTYPES [ schema. ]indextype [, [ schema. ]indextype ]... } { using_statistics_type | { default_cost_clause [, default_selectivity_clause ] | default_selectivity_clause [, default_cost_clause ] } }
FUNCTION name (parameter datatype[, parameter datatype ]...) RETURN datatype { IS | AS } { pl/sql_block | call_spec }
FUNCTION name (parameter datatype [, parameter datatype ]...) return_clause
RECOVER [ AUTOMATIC ] [ FROM 'location' ] { { full_database_recovery | partial_database_recovery | LOGFILE 'filename' } [ { TEST | ALLOW integer CORRUPTION | NOPARALLEL } [ TEST | ALLOW integer CORRUPTION | NOPARALLEL ]... ] | CONTINUE [ DEFAULT ] | CANCEL }
GLOBAL PARTITION BY { RANGE (column_list) (index_partitioning_clause) | HASH (column_list) { individual_hash_partitions | hash_partitions_by_quantity } }
{ object_privilege | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] } [ (column [, column ]...) ] [, { object_privilege | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] } [ (column [, column ]...) ] ]... on_object_clause TO grantee_clause [ WITH HIERARCHY OPTION ] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
{ system_privilege | role | ALL PRIVILEGES } [, { system_privilege | role | ALL PRIVILEGES } ]... TO grantee_clause [ WITH ADMIN OPTION ]
{ user [ IDENTIFIED BY password ] | role | PUBLIC } [, { user [ IDENTIFIED BY password ] | role | PUBLIC } ]...
GROUP BY { expr | rollup_cube_clause | grouping_sets_clause } [, { expr | rollup_cube_clause | grouping_sets_clause } ]... [ HAVING condition ]
expression_list [, expression_list ]...
GROUPING SETS ({ rollup_cube_clause | grouping_expression_list })
PARTITION BY HASH (column [, column ] ...) { individual_hash_partitions | hash_partitions_by_quantity }
PARTITIONS hash_partition_quantity [ STORE IN (tablespace [, tablespace ]...) ] [ OVERFLOW STORE IN (tablespace [, tablespace ]...) ]
[ START WITH condition ] CONNECT BY [ NOCYCLE ] condition
HIERARCHY hierarchy (child_level CHILD OF parent_level [ CHILD OF parent_level ]... [ dimension_join_clause ] )
{ ANCILLARY TO primary_operator (parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...) [, primary_operator ( parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...) ]... | context_clause }
+diskgroup_name [ (template_name) ]
[ { physical_attributes_clause | logging_clause | ONLINE | COMPUTE STATISTICS | TABLESPACE { tablespace | DEFAULT } | key_compression | { SORT | NOSORT } | REVERSE | parallel_clause } [ physical_attributes_clause | logging_clause | ONLINE | COMPUTE STATISTICS | TABLESPACE { tablespace | DEFAULT } | key_compression | { SORT | NOSORT } | REVERSE | parallel_clause ]... ]
{ column | column_expression }
[ INCLUDING column_name ] OVERFLOW [ segment_attributes_clause ]
[ { mapping_table_clause | PCTTHRESHOLD integer | key_compression } [ mapping_table_clause | PCTTHRESHOLD integer | key_compression ]... ] [ index_org_overflow_clause ]
PARTITION [ partition [ { segment_attributes_clause | key_compression } [ segment_attributes_clause | key_compression ]... ] ]
PARTITION [ partition ] VALUES LESS THAN (literal[, literal... ]) [ segment_attributes_clause ]
[ { { global_partitioned_index | local_partitioned_index } | index_attributes } [ { { global_partitioned_index | local_partitioned_index } | index_attributes } ]... | domain_index_clause ]
{ STORE IN (tablespace[, tablespace ]...) | (SUBPARTITION [ subpartition [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] ] [, SUBPARTITION [ subpartition [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] ] ]... ) }
(PARTITION [ partition partitioning_storage_clause ] [, PARTITION [ partition partitioning_storage_clause ] ]... )
[ NOT ] { OVERRIDING | FINAL | INSTANTIABLE } [ [ NOT ] { OVERRIDING | FINAL | INSTANTIABLE } ]...
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] { [ NOT ] NULL | UNIQUE | PRIMARY KEY | references_clause | CHECK (condition) } [ constraint_state ]
{ SCOPE IS [ schema. ] scope_table | WITH ROWID | [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] references_clause [ constraint_state ] }
{ [ INNER ] JOIN table_reference { ON condition | USING (column [, column ]...) } | { CROSS | NATURAL [ INNER ] } JOIN table_reference }
INTO dml_table_expression_clause [ t_alias ] [ (column [, column ]...) ]
{ ENABLE | DISABLE } INSTANCE 'instance_name'
[ + | - ] digit [ digit ]...
INTERVAL '{ integer | integer time_expr | time_expr }' { { DAY | HOUR | MINUTE } [ (leading_precision) ] | SECOND [ (leading_precision [, fractional_seconds_precision ] ) ] } [ TO { DAY | HOUR | MINUTE | SECOND [ (fractional_seconds_precision) ] } ]
INTERVAL 'integer [- integer ]' { YEAR | MONTH } [ (precision) ] [ TO { YEAR | MONTH } ]
INTO [ schema. ] table
AUTHID { CURRENT_USER | DEFINER }
JAVA NAME string
table_reference { inner_cross_join_clause | outer_join_clause [ inner_cross_join_clause | outer_join_clause ]... }
{ COMPRESS [ integer ] | NOCOMPRESS }
LEVEL level IS { level_table.level_column | (level_table.level_column [, level_table.level_column ]... ) }
PARTITION BY LIST (column) (PARTITION [ partition ] list_values_clause table_partition_description [, PARTITION [ partition ] list_values_clause table_partition_description ]... )
VALUES ({ literal | NULL } [, { literal | NULL }...) | DEFAULT )
{ TABLESPACE tablespace | { ENABLE | DISABLE } STORAGE IN ROW | storage_clause | CHUNK integer | PCTVERSION integer | RETENTION | FREEPOOLS integer | { CACHE | { NOCACHE | CACHE READS } [ logging_clause ] } } [ TABLESPACE tablespace | { ENABLE | DISABLE } STORAGE IN ROW | storage_clause | CHUNK integer | PCTVERSION integer | RETENTION | FREEPOOLS integer | { CACHE | { NOCACHE | CACHE READS } [ logging_clause ] } ]...
PARTITION partition { LOB_storage_clause | varray_col_properties } [ LOB_storage_clause | varray_col_properties ]... [ (SUBPARTITION subpartition { LOB_storage_clause | varray_col_properties } [ LOB_storage_clause | varray_col_properties ]... ) ]
LOB { (LOB_item [, LOB_item ]...) STORE AS (LOB_parameters) | (LOB_item) STORE AS { LOB_segname (LOB_parameters) | LOB_segname | (LOB_parameters) } }
LOCAL [ on_range_partitioned_table | on_list_partitioned_table | on_hash_partitioned_table | on_comp_partitioned_table ]
LOGFILE [ GROUP integer ] file_specification [, [ GROUP integer ] file_specification ]...
{ { ARCHIVELOG [ MANUAL ] | NOARCHIVELOG } | [ NO ] FORCE LOGGING | RENAME FILE 'filename' [, 'filename' ]... TO 'filename' | CLEAR [ UNARCHIVED ] LOGFILE logfile_descriptor [, logfile_descriptor ]... [ UNRECOVERABLE DATAFILE ] | add_logfile_clauses | drop_logfile_clauses | supplemental_db_logging }
{ GROUP integer | ('filename' [, 'filename' ]...) | 'filename' }
{ LOGGING | NOLOGGING }
[ MAIN main_model_name ] model_column_clauses [ cell_reference_options ] model_rules_clause
RECOVER { MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE [ { redo_apply_clauses | finish_clause | cancel_clause } ] | TO LOGICAL STANDBY db_name }
{ MAP | ORDER } MEMBER function_declaration
{ MAP | ORDER } MEMBER function_spec
{ MAPPING TABLE | NOMAPPING }
[ column_properties ] [ table_partitioning_clauses ] [ CACHE | NOCACHE ] [ parallel_clause ] [ build_clause ]
SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE { PROTECTION | AVAILABILITY | PERFORMANCE }
MAXSIZE { UNLIMITED | size_clause }
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT [ (column [, column ]...) ] VALUES ({ expr [, expr ]... | DEFAULT }) [ where_clause ]
MERGE PARTITIONS partition_1, partition_2 [ INTO partition_spec ] [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
MERGE SUBPARTITIONS subpart_1, subpart_2 [ INTO subpartition_spec ] [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET column = { expr | DEFAULT } [, column = { expr | DEFAULT } ]... [ where_clause ] [ DELETE where_clause ]
USING { * | { [ schema . ] table . * | expr [ AS alias ] } [, { [ schema . ] table . * | expr [ AS alias ] } ]... }
MODEL [ cell_reference_options ] [ return_rows_clause ] [ reference_model ] [ reference_model ]... main_model
expr [ [ AS ] c_alias ]
[ query_partition_clause [ c_alias ] ] DIMENSION BY (model_column [, model_column ]...) MEASURES (model_column [, model_column ]...)
RULES [ { UPDATE | UPSERT [ ALL ] } ] [ { AUTOMATIC | SEQUENTIAL } ORDER ] [ ITERATE (number) [ UNTIL (condition) ] ] ([ { UPDATE | UPSERT [ ALL ] } ] cell_assignment [ order_by_clause ] = expr [ [ { UPDATE | UPSERT [ ALL ] } ] cell_assignment [ order_by_clause ] = expr ]... )
( column [ datatype ] [ DEFAULT expr ] [ { ENCRYPT encryption_spec | DECRYPT } [ inline_constraint [ inline_constraint ]... ] [ LOB_storage_clause ] [, column [ datatype ] [ DEFAULT expr ] [ { ENCRYPT encryption_spec | DECRYPT } [ inline_constraint [ inline_constraint ]... ] [ LOB_storage_clause ] ] )
COLUMN column [ NOT ] SUBSTITUTABLE AT ALL LEVELS [ FORCE ]
MODIFY NESTED TABLE collection_item RETURN AS { LOCATOR | VALUE }
MODIFY { (modify_col_properties [, modify_col_properties] ...) | modify_col_substitutable }
MODIFY PARTITION partition { partition_attributes | alter_mapping_table_clause | [ REBUILD ] UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES }
{ { allocate_extent_clause | deallocate_unused_clause | shrink_clause | { LOB LOB_item | VARRAY varray } modify_LOB_parameters [ { LOB LOB_item | VARRAY varray } modify_LOB_parameters ]... } | [ REBUILD ] UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES }
MODIFY DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES [ FOR PARTITION partition ] { physical_attributes_clause | TABLESPACE { tablespace | DEFAULT } | logging_clause } [ physical_attributes_clause | TABLESPACE { tablespace | DEFAULT } | logging_clause ]...
MODIFY PARTITION partition { { deallocate_unused_clause | allocate_extent_clause | physical_attributes_clause | logging_clause | key_compression } [ deallocate_unused_clause | allocate_extent_clause | physical_attributes_clause | logging_clause | key_compression ]... | PARAMETERS ('ODCI_parameters') | COALESCE | UPDATE BLOCK REFERENCES | UNUSABLE }
MODIFY SUBPARTITION subpartition { UNUSABLE | allocate_extent_clause | deallocate_unused_clause }
MODIFY PARTITION partition { partition_attributes | { ADD | DROP } VALUES (literal[, literal ]...) | [ REBUILD ] UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES }
{ allocate_extent_clause | deallocate_unused_clause | shrink_clause | { LOB LOB_item | VARRAY varray } modify_LOB_parameters [ { LOB LOB_item | VARRAY varray } modify_LOB_parameters ] ... | [ REBUILD ] UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES | { ADD | DROP } VALUES (literal[, literal ]...) }
{ storage_clause | PCTVERSION integer | RETENTION | FREEPOOLS integer | REBUILD FREEPOOLS | { CACHE | { NOCACHE | CACHE READS } [ logging_clause ] } | allocate_extent_clause | shrink_clause | deallocate_unused_clause } [ storage_clause | PCTVERSION integer | RETENTION | FREEPOOLS integer | REBUILD FREEPOOLS | { CACHE | { NOCACHE | CACHE READS } [ logging_clause ] } | allocate_extent_clause | shrink_clause | deallocate_unused_clause ]...
MODIFY LOB (LOB_item) (modify_LOB_parameters)
MODIFY PARTITION partition { partition_attributes | { add_hash_subpartition | add_list_subpartition } | COALESCE SUBPARTITION [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ] | alter_mapping_table_clause | [ REBUILD ] UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES }
MODIFY DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES [ FOR PARTITION partition ] [ segment_attributes_clause ] [ table_compression ] [ PCTTHRESHOLD integer ] [ key_compression ] [ alter_overflow_clause ] [ { LOB (LOB_item) | VARRAY varray } (LOB_parameters) [ { LOB (LOB_item) | VARRAY varray } (LOB_parameters) ]... ]
{ modify_range_partition | modify_hash_partition | modify_list_partition }
MODIFY SUBPARTITION subpartition { modify_hash_subpartition | modify_list_subpartition }
MOVE [ ONLINE ] [ segment_attributes_clause ] [ table_compression ] [ index_org_table_clause ] [ { LOB_storage_clause | varray_col_properties } [ { LOB_storage_clause | varray_col_properties } ]... ] [ parallel_clause ]
MOVE PARTITION partition [ MAPPING TABLE ] [ table_partition_description ] [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
MOVE SUBPARTITION subpartition_spec [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
FOR (dimension_column [, dimension_column ]...) IN ( { (literal [, literal ]...) [ (literal [, literal ]...)... ] | subquery } )
{ ALL insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [error_logging_clause] [ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [error_logging_clause] ]... | conditional_insert_clause } subquery
nested_table1 MULTISET EXCEPT [ ALL | DISTINCT ] nested_table2
nested_table1 MULTISET INTERSECT [ ALL | DISTINCT ] nested_table2
nested_table1 MULTISET UNION [ ALL | DISTINCT ] nested_table2
NESTED TABLE { nested_item | COLUMN_VALUE } [ substitutable_column_clause ] STORE AS storage_table [ ( { (object_properties) | [ physical_properties ] | [ column_properties ] } [ (object_properties) | [ physical_properties ] | [ column_properties ] ]... ) ] [ RETURN AS { LOCATOR | VALUE } ]
new_values_clause
{ INCLUDING | EXCLUDING } NEW VALUES
number
[ + | - ] { digit [ digit ]... [ . ] [ digit [ digit ]... ] | . digit [ digit ]... } [ e [ + | - ] digit [ digit ]... ] [ f | d ]
numeric_file_name
+diskgroup_name.filenumber.incarnation_number
object_properties
{ { column | attribute } [ DEFAULT expr ] [ inline_constraint [ inline_constraint ]... | inline_ref_constraint ] | { out_of_line_constraint | out_of_line_ref_constraint | supplemental_logging_props } }
object_table
CREATE [ GLOBAL TEMPORARY ] TABLE [ schema. ]table OF [ schema. ]object_type [ object_table_substitution ] [ (object_properties) ] [ ON COMMIT { DELETE | PRESERVE } ROWS ] [ OID_clause ] [ OID_index_clause ] [ physical_properties ] [ table_properties ] ;
object_table_substitution
[ NOT ] SUBSTITUTABLE AT ALL LEVELS
object_type_col_properties
COLUMN column substitutable_column_clause
object_view_clause
OF [ schema. ]type_name { WITH OBJECT IDENTIFIER { DEFAULT | ( attribute [, attribute ]... ) } | UNDER [ schema. ]superview } ({ out_of_line_constraint | attribute inline_constraint [ inline_constraint ]... } [, { out_of_line_constraint | attribute inline_constraint [ inline_constraint ]... } ]... )
OID_clause
OBJECT IDENTIFIER IS { SYSTEM GENERATED | PRIMARY KEY }
OID_index_clause
OIDINDEX [ index ] ({ physical_attributes_clause | TABLESPACE tablespace } [ physical_attributes_clause | TABLESPACE tablespace ]... )
on_comp_partitioned_table
[ STORE IN ( tablespace [, tablespace ]... ) ] ( PARTITION [ partition [ { segment_attribute_clause | key_compression } [ segment_attribute_clause | key_compression ]... ] [ index_subpartition_clause ] ] [, PARTITION [ partition [ { segment_attribute_clause | key_compression } [ segment_attribute_clause | key_compression ]... ] [ index_subpartition_clause ] ]... ] )
on_hash_partitioned_table
{ STORE IN (tablespace[, tablespace ]...) | (PARTITION [ partition [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] ] [, PARTITION [ partition [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] ] ]... ) }
on_list_partitioned_table
( PARTITION [ partition [ { segment_attributes_clause | key_compression } [ segment_attributes_clause | key_compression ]... ] ] [, PARTITION [ partition [ { segment_attributes_clause | key_compression } [ segment_attributes_clause | key_compression ]... ] ] ]... )
on_object_clause
{ schema.object | { DIRECTORY directory_name | JAVA { SOURCE | RESOURCE } [ schema. ]object } }
on_range_partitioned_table
( PARTITION [ partition [ { segment_attributes_clause | key_compression } [ segment_attributes_clause | key_compression ]... ] ] [, PARTITION [ partition [ { segment_attributes_clause | key_compression } [ segment_attributes_clause | key_compression ]... ] ] ]... )
order_by_clause
ORDER [ SIBLINGS ] BY { expr | position | c_alias } [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ] [, { expr | position | c_alias } [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ] ]...
out_of_line_constraint
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] { UNIQUE (column [, column ]...) | PRIMARY KEY (column [, column ]...) | FOREIGN KEY (column [, column ]...) references_clause | CHECK (condition) } [ constraint_state ]
out_of_line_ref_constraint
{ SCOPE FOR ({ ref_col | ref_attr }) IS [ schema. ]scope_table | REF ({ ref_col | ref_attr }) WITH ROWID | [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] FOREIGN KEY ({ ref_col | ref_attr }) references_clause [ constraint_state ] }
outer_join_clause
[ query_partition_clause ] { outer_join_type JOIN | NATURAL [ outer_join_type ] JOIN } table_reference [ query_partition_clause ] [ ON condition | USING ( column [, column ]...) ]
outer_join_type
{ FULL | LEFT | RIGHT } [ OUTER ]
parallel_clause
{ NOPARALLEL | PARALLEL [ integer ] }
parallel_enable_clause
PARALLEL_ENABLE [ (PARTITION argument BY { ANY | { HASH | RANGE } (column [, column ]...) } ) [ streaming_clause ] ]
partial_database_recovery
{ TABLESPACE tablespace [, tablespace ]... | DATAFILE { 'filename' | filenumber } [, 'filename' | filenumber ]... } | STANDBY { TABLESPACE tablespace [, tablespace ]... | DATAFILE { 'filename' | filenumber } [, 'filename' | filenumber ]... } } UNTIL [ CONSISTENT WITH ] CONTROLFILE }
partition_attributes
[ { physical_attributes_clause | logging_clause | allocate_extent_clause | deallocate_unused_clause | shrink_clause } [ physical_attributes_clause | logging_clause | allocate_extent_clause | deallocate_unused_clause | shrink_clause ]... ] [ OVERFLOW { physical_attributes_clause | logging_clause | allocate_extent_clause | deallocate_unused_clause } [ physical_attributes_clause | logging_clause | allocate_extent_clause | deallocate_unused_clause ]... ] [ table_compression ] [ { LOB LOB_item | VARRAY varray } modify_LOB_parameters [ { LOB LOB_item | VARRAY varray } modify_LOB_parameters ]... ]
partition_extended_name
[ schema.] { table | view } [ PARTITION (partition) | SUBPARTITION (subpartition) ]
partition_level_subpartition
{ SUBPARTITIONS hash_subpartition_quantity [ STORE IN (tablespace[, tablespace ]...) ] | (subpartition_spec[, subpartition_spec ]...) }
partition_spec
PARTITION [ partition ] [ table_partition_description ]
partitioning_storage_clause
[ { TABLESPACE tablespace | OVERFLOW [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] | LOB (LOB_item) STORE AS { LOB_segname [ (TABLESPACE tablespace) ] | (TABLESPACE tablespace) } | VARRAY varray_item STORE AS LOB LOB_segname } [ { TABLESPACE tablespace | OVERFLOW [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] | LOB (LOB_item) STORE AS { LOB_segname [ (TABLESPACE tablespace) ] | (TABLESPACE tablespace) } | VARRAY varray_item STORE AS LOB LOB_segname } ]... ]
password_parameters
{ { FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS | PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME | PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME | PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX | PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME | PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME } { expr | UNLIMITED | DEFAULT } | PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION { function | NULL | DEFAULT } }
permanent_tablespace_clause
{ MINIMUM EXTENT size_clause | BLOCKSIZE integer [ K ] | logging_clause | FORCE LOGGING | DEFAULT [ table_compression ] storage_clause | { ONLINE | OFFLINE } | extent_management_clause | segment_management_clause | flashback_mode_clause [ MINIMUM EXTENT size_clause | BLOCKSIZE integer [ K ] | logging_clause | FORCE LOGGING | DEFAULT [ table_compression ] storage_clause | { ONLINE | OFFLINE } | extent_management_clause | segment_management_clause | flashback_mode_clause ]... }
physical_attributes_clause
[ { PCTFREE integer | PCTUSED integer | INITRANS integer | storage_clause } [ PCTFREE integer | PCTUSED integer | INITRANS integer | storage_clause ]... ]
physical_properties
{ segment_attributes_clause [ table_compression ] | ORGANIZATION { HEAP [ segment_attributes_clause ] [ table_compression ] | INDEX [ segment_attributes_clause ] index_org_table_clause | EXTERNAL external_table_clause } | CLUSTER cluster (column [, column ]...) }
pragma_clause
PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES ({ method_name | DEFAULT } , { RNDS | WNDS | RNPS | WNPS | TRUST } [, { RNDS | WNDS | RNPS | WNPS | TRUST } ]... )
procedure_declaration
PROCEDURE name (parameter datatype [, parameter datatype ]...) { IS | AS } { pl/sql_block | call_spec }
procedure_spec
PROCEDURE name (parameter datatype [, parameter datatype ]...) [ { IS | AS } call_spec ]
proxy_clause
{ GRANT | REVOKE } CONNECT THROUGH { ENTERPRISE USERS | db_user_proxy }
qualified_disk_clause
search_string [ NAME disk_name ] [ SIZE size_clause ] [ FORCE | NOFORCE ]
qualified_template_clause
template_name ATTRIBUTES ([ MIRROR | UNPROTECTED ] [ FINE | COARSE ] )
query_partition_clause
PARTITION BY { value_expr[, value_expr ]... | ( value_expr[, value_expr ]... ) }
query_table_expression
{ query_name | [ schema. ] { table [ { PARTITION (partition) | SUBPARTITION (subpartition) } [ sample_clause ] | [ sample_clause ] | @ dblink ] | { view | materialized view } [ @ dblink ] } | (subquery [ subquery_restriction_clause ]) | table_collection_expression }
quiesce_clauses
QUIESCE RESTRICTED | UNQUIESCE
range_partitioning
PARTITION BY RANGE (column[, column ]...) (PARTITION [ partition ] range_values_clause table_partition_description [, PARTITION [ partition ] range_values_clause table_partition_description ]... )
range_values_clause
VALUES LESS THAN ({ literal | MAXVALUE } [, { literal | MAXVALUE } ]... )
rebalance_diskgroup_clause
REBALANCE [POWER integer] [WAIT | NOWAIT]
rebuild_clause
REBUILD [ { PARTITION partition | SUBPARTITION subpartition } | { REVERSE | NOREVERSE } ] [ parallel_clause | TABLESPACE tablespace | PARAMETERS ('ODCI_parameters') | ONLINE | COMPUTE STATISTICS | physical_attributes_clause | key_compression | logging_clause ] [ parallel_clause | TABLESPACE tablespace | PARAMETERS ('ODCI_parameters') | ONLINE | COMPUTE STATISTICS | physical_attributes_clause | key_compression | logging_clause ]...
records_per_block_clause
{ MINIMIZE | NOMINIMIZE } RECORDS_PER_BLOCK
recovery_clauses
{ general_recovery | managed_standby_recovery | BEGIN BACKUP | END BACKUP }
redo_apply_clauses
{ USING CURRENT LOGFILE | NOPARALLEL | DISCONNECT [ FROM SESSION ] | NODELAY | UNTIL CHANGE integer } [ { USING CURRENT LOGFILE | NOPARALLEL | DISCONNECT [ FROM SESSION ] | NODELAY | UNTIL CHANGE integer } ]...
redo_log_file_spec
[ 'filename | ASM_filename' | ('filename | ASM_filename' [, 'filename | ASM_filename' ]...) ] [ SIZE size_clause ] [ REUSE ]
reference_model
REFERENCE reference_spreadsheet_name ON (subquery) spreadsheet_column_clauses [ cell_reference_options ]
references_clause
REFERENCES [ schema. ] { object_table | view } [ (column [, column ]...) ] [ON DELETE { CASCADE | SET NULL } ] [ constraint_state ]
referencing_clause
REFERENCING { OLD [ AS ] old | NEW [ AS ] new | PARENT [ AS ] parent } [ OLD [ AS ] old | NEW [ AS ] new | PARENT [ AS ] parent ]...
register_logfile_clause
REGISTER [ OR REPLACE ] [ PHYSICAL | LOGICAL ] LOGFILE [ file_specification [, file_specification ]... ] [ FOR logminer_session_name ]
relational_properties
{ column_definition | { out_of_line_constraint | out_of_line_ref_constraint | supplemental_logging_props } } [, { column_definition | { out_of_line_constraint | out_of_line_ref_constraint | supplemental_logging_props } ]...
relational_table
CREATE [ GLOBAL TEMPORARY ] TABLE [ schema. ]table [ (relational_properties) ] [ ON COMMIT { DELETE | PRESERVE } ROWS ] [ physical_properties ] [ table_properties ] ;
rename_column_clause
RENAME COLUMN old_name TO new_name
rename_index_partition
RENAME { PARTITION partition | SUBPARTITION subpartition } TO new_name
rename_partition_subpart
RENAME { PARTITION | SUBPARTITION } current_name TO new_name
replace_type_clause
REPLACE [ invoker_rights_clause ] AS OBJECT (attribute datatype [, attribute datatype ]... [, element_spec [, element_spec ]... ])
resize_disk_clauses
RESIZE { ALL [ SIZE size_clause ] | DISK disk_name [ SIZE size_clause ] [, disk_name [ SIZE size_clause ] ]... | DISKS IN FAILGROUP failgroup_name [ SIZE size_clause ] [, failgroup_name [ SIZE size_clause ] ]... }
resource_parameters
{ { SESSIONS_PER_USER | CPU_PER_SESSION | CPU_PER_CALL | CONNECT_TIME | IDLE_TIME | LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION | LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL | COMPOSITE_LIMIT } { integer | UNLIMITED | DEFAULT } | PRIVATE_SGA { size_clause | UNLIMITED | DEFAULT } }
return_clause
{ RETURN datatype [ { IS | AS } call_spec ] | sqlj_object_type_sig }
return_rows_clause
RETURN { UPDATED | ALL } ROWS
returning_clause
RETURNING expr [, expr ]... INTO data_item [, data_item ]...
revoke_object_privileges
{ object_privilege | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] } [, { object_privilege | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] } ]... on_object_clause FROM grantee_clause [ CASCADE CONSTRAINTS | FORCE ]
revoke_system_privileges
{ system_privilege | role | ALL PRIVILEGES } [, { system_privilege | role | ALL PRIVILEGES } ]... FROM grantee_clause
rollup_cube_clause
{ ROLLUP | CUBE } (grouping_expression_list)
routine_clause
[ schema. ] [ type. | package. ] { function | procedure | method } [ @dblink_name ] ( [ argument [, argument ]... ] )
row_movement_clause
{ ENABLE | DISABLE } ROW MOVEMENT
sample_clause
SAMPLE [ BLOCK ] (sample_percent) [ SEED (seed_value) ]
schema_object_clause
{ object_option [, object_option ]... | ALL } auditing_on_clause
scoped_table_ref_constraint
{ SCOPE FOR ({ ref_column | ref_attribute }) IS [ schema. ] { scope_table_name | c_alias } } [, SCOPE FOR ({ ref_column | ref_attribute }) IS [ schema. ] { scope_table_name | c_alias } ]...
searched_case_expression
WHEN condition THEN return_expr [ WHEN condition THEN return_expr ]...
security_clause
GUARD { ALL | STANDBY | NONE }
segment_attributes_clause
{ physical_attributes_clause | TABLESPACE tablespace | logging_clause } [ physical_attributes_clause | TABLESPACE tablespace | logging_clause ]...
segment_management_clause
SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT { AUTO | MANUAL }
select_list
{ * | { query_name.* | [ schema. ] { table | view | materialized view } .* | expr [ [ AS ] c_alias ] } [, { query_name.* | [ schema. ] { table | view | materialized view } .* | expr [ [ AS ] c_alias ] } ]... }
set_subpartition_template
SET SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE { (SUBPARTITION subpartition [ list_values_clause ] [ partitioning_storage_clause ] [, SUBPARTITION subpartition [ list_values_clause ] [ partitioning_storage_clause ]... ] ) | hash_subpartition_quantity }
set_time_zone_clause
SET TIME_ZONE = '{ { + | - } hh : mi | time_zone_region }'
shrink_clause
SHRINK SPACE [ COMPACT ] [ CASCADE ]
shutdown_dispatcher_clause
SHUTDOWN [ IMMEDIATE ] dispatcher_name
simple_case_expression
expr WHEN comparison_expr THEN return_expr [ WHEN comparison_expr THEN return_expr ]...
single_column_for_loop
FOR dimension_column { IN ( { literal [, literal ]... | subquery } ) | [ LIKE pattern ] FROM literal TO literal { INCREMENT | DECREMENT } literal }
single_table_insert
insert_into_clause { values_clause [ returning_clause ] | subquery } [ error_logging_clause ]
size_clause
integer [ K | M | G | T | P | E ]
split_index_partition
SPLIT PARTITION partition_name_old AT (literal [, literal ]...) [ INTO (index_partition_description, index_partition_description ) ] [ parallel_clause ] UPDATE MANUALLY problem importing file
split_table_partition
SPLIT PARTITION current_partition { AT | VALUES } (literal [, literal ]...) [ INTO (partition_spec, partition_spec) ] [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ] UPDATE MANUALLY problem importing file
split_table_subpartition
SPLIT SUBPARTITION subpartition VALUES ({ literal | NULL } [, literal | NULL ]...) [ INTO (subpartition_spec, subpartition_spec ) ] [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ] UPDATE MANUALLY problem importing file
sql_statement_clause
{ { statement_option | ALL } [, { statement_option | ALL } ]... | { system_privilege | ALL PRIVILEGES } [, { system_privilege | ALL PRIVILEGES } ]... } [ auditing_by_clause ]
sqlj_object_type
EXTERNAL NAME java_ext_name LANGUAGE JAVA USING (SQLData | CustomDatum | OraData)
sqlj_object_type_attr
EXTERNAL NAME 'field_name'
sqlj_object_type_sig
RETURN { datatype | SELF AS RESULT } EXTERNAL { VARIABLE NAME 'java_static_field_name' | NAME 'java_method_sig' }
standby_database_clauses
( activate_standby_db_clause | maximize_standby_db_clause | register_logfile_clause | commit_switchover_clause | start_standby_clause | stop_standby_clause | convert_standby_clause ) [ parallel_clause ]
start_standby_clause
START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY [ IMMEDIATE ] [ NODELAY ] [ NEW PRIMARY dblink | INITIAL [ scn_value ] | { SKIP FAILED TRANSACTION | FINISH } ]
startup_clauses
{ MOUNT [ { STANDBY | CLONE } DATABASE ] | OPEN { [ READ WRITE ] [ RESETLOGS | NORESETLOGS ] [ UPGRADE | DOWNGRADE ] | READ ONLY } }
stop_standby_clause
{ STOP | ABORT } LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY
storage_clause
STORAGE ({ INITIAL size_clause | NEXT size_clause | MINEXTENTS integer | MAXEXTENTS { integer | UNLIMITED } | PCTINCREASE integer | FREELISTS integer | FREELIST GROUPS integer | OPTIMAL [ size_clause | NULL ] | BUFFER_POOL { KEEP | RECYCLE | DEFAULT } } [ INITIAL size_clause | NEXT size_clause | MINEXTENTS integer | MAXEXTENTS { integer | UNLIMITED } | PCTINCREASE integer | FREELISTS integer | FREELIST GROUPS integer | OPTIMAL [ size_clause | NULL ] | BUFFER_POOL { KEEP | RECYCLE | DEFAULT } ]... )
streaming_clause
{ ORDER | CLUSTER } expr BY (column [, column ]...)
subpartition_by_hash
SUBPARTITION BY HASH (column [, column ]...) [ SUBPARTITIONS quantity [ STORE IN (tablespace [, tablespace ]...) ] | subpartition_template ]
subpartition_by_list
SUBPARTITION BY LIST (column) [ subpartition_template ]
subpartition_spec
SUBPARTITION [ subpartition ] [ list_values_clause ] [ partitioning_storage_clause ]
subpartition_template
SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE (SUBPARTITION subpartition [ list_values_clause ] [ partitioning_storage_clause ] [, SUBPARTITION subpartition [ list_values_clause ] [ partitioning_storage_clause ] ] ) | hash_subpartition_quantity
subprogram_declaration
{ MEMBER | STATIC } { procedure_declaration | function_declaration | constructor_declaration }
subprogram_spec
{ MEMBER | STATIC } { procedure_spec | function_spec }
subquery
[ subquery_factoring_clause ] SELECT [ hint ] [ { { DISTINCT | UNIQUE } | ALL } ] select_list FROM { table_reference [, table_reference ]... | join_clause | ( join_clause ) } [ where_clause ] [ hierarchical_query_clause ] [ group_by_clause ] [ HAVING condition ] [ model_clause ] [ { UNION [ ALL ] | INTERSECT | MINUS } (subquery) ] [ order_by_clause ]
subquery_factoring_clause
WITH query_name AS (subquery) [, query_name AS (subquery) ]...
subquery_restriction_clause
WITH { READ ONLY | CHECK OPTION [ CONSTRAINT constraint ] }
substitutable_column_clause
[ ELEMENT ] IS OF [ TYPE ] ([ ONLY ] type) | [ NOT ] SUBSTITUTABLE AT ALL LEVELS
supplemental_db_logging
{ ADD | DROP } SUPPLEMENTAL LOG { DATA | supplemental_id_key_clause }
supplemental_id_key_clause
DATA ({ ALL | PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE | FOREIGN KEY } [, { ALL | PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE | FOREIGN KEY } ]... ) COLUMNS
supplemental_log_grp_clause
GROUP log_group (column [ NO LOG ] [, column [ NO LOG ] ]...) [ ALWAYS ]
supplemental_logging_props
{ supplemental_log_grp_clause | supplemental_id_key_clause }
supplemental_table_logging
{ ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG { supplemental_log_grp_clause | supplemental_id_key_clause } [, SUPPLEMENTAL LOG { supplemental_log_grp_clause | supplemental_id_key_clause } ]... | DROP SUPPLEMENTAL LOG { supplemental_id_key_clause | GROUP log_group } [, SUPPLEMENTAL LOG { supplemental_id_key_clause | GROUP log_group } ]... }
table_collection_expression
TABLE (collection_expression) [ (+) ]
table_compression
{ COMPRESS | NOCOMPRESS }
table_index_clause
[ schema. ]table [ t_alias ] (index_expr [ ASC | DESC ] [, index_expr [ ASC | DESC ] ]...) [ index_properties ]
table_partition_description
[ segment_attributes_clause ] [ table_compression | key_compression ] [ OVERFLOW [ segment_attributes_clause ] ] [ { LOB_storage_clause | varray_col_properties } [ LOB_storage_clause | varray_col_properties ]... ] [ partition_level_subpartition ]
table_partitioning_clauses
{ range_partitioning | hash_partitioning | list_partitioning | composite_partitioning }
table_properties
[ column_properties ] [ table_partitioning_clauses ] [ CACHE | NOCACHE ] [ parallel_clause ] [ ROWDEPENDENCIES | NOROWDEPENDENCIES ] [ enable_disable_clause ] [ enable_disable_clause ]... [ row_movement_clause ] [ AS subquery ]
table_reference
{ ONLY (query_table_expression) [ flashback_query_clause ] [ t_alias ] | query_table_expression [ flashback_query_clause ] [ t_alias ] }
tablespace_clauses
{ EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL | DATAFILE file_specification [, file_specification ]... | SYSAUX DATAFILE file_specification [, file_specification ]... | default_tablespace | default_temp_tablespace | undo_tablespace }
tablespace_group_clause
TABLESPACE GROUP { tablespace_group_name | '' }
tablespace_logging_clauses
{ logging_clause | [ NO ] FORCE LOGGING }
tablespace_retention_clause
RETENTION { GUARANTEE | NOGUARANTEE }
tablespace_state_clauses
{ ONLINE | OFFLINE [ NORMAL | TEMPORARY | IMMEDIATE ] } | READ { ONLY | WRITE } | { PERMANENT | TEMPORARY }
temporary_tablespace_clause
TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tablespace [ TEMPFILE file_specification [, file_specification ]... ] [ tablespace_group_clause ] [ extent_management_clause ]
text
[ {N | n} ] { 'c [ c ]...' | { Q | q } 'quote_delimiter c [ c ]... quote_delimiter' }
trace_file_clause
TRACE [ AS 'filename' [ REUSE ] ] [ RESETLOGS | NORESETLOGS ]
truncate_partition_subpart
TRUNCATE { PARTITION partition | SUBPARTITION subpartition } [ { DROP | REUSE } STORAGE ] [ update_index_clauses [ parallel_clause ] ]
undo_tablespace
[ BIGFILE | SMALLFILE ] UNDO TABLESPACE tablespace [ TABLESPACE file_specification [, file_specification ]... ]
undo_tablespace_clause
UNDO TABLESPACE tablespace [ DATAFILE file_specification [, file_specification ]... ] [ extent_management_clause ] [ tablespace_retention_clause ]
undrop_disk_clause
UNDROP DISKS
update_all_indexes_clause
UPDATE INDEXES [ (index ( { update_index_partition | update_index_subpartition } ) ) [, (index ( { update_index_partition | update_index_subparition } ) ) ]...
update_global_index_clause
{ UPDATE | INVALIDATE } GLOBAL INDEXES
update_index_clauses
{ update_global_index_clause | update_all_indexes_clause }
update_index_partition
index_partition_description [ index_subpartition_clause ] [, index_partition_description [ index_subpartition_clause ] ...
update_index_subpartition
SUBPARTITION [ subpartition ] [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] [, SUBPARTITION [ subpartition ] [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] ]...
update_set_clause
SET { { (column [, column ]...) = (subquery) | column = { expr | (subquery) | DEFAULT } } [, { (column [, column]...) = (subquery) | column = { expr | (subquery) | DEFAULT } } ]... | VALUE (t_alias) = { expr | (subquery) } }
upgrade_table_clause
UPGRADE [ [NOT ] INCLUDING DATA ] [ column_properties ]
using_function_clause
USING [ schema. ] [ package. | type. ]function_name
using_index_clause
USING INDEX { [ schema. ]index | (create_index_statement) | index_properties }
using_statistics_type
USING { [ schema. ] statistics_type | NULL }
using_type_clause
USING [ schema. ]implementation_type [ array_DML_clause ]
validation_clauses
{ VALIDATE REF UPDATE [ SET DANGLING TO NULL ] | VALIDATE STRUCTURE [ CASCADE ] [ into_clause ] { OFFLINE| ONLINE } }
values_clause
VALUES ({ expr | DEFAULT } [, { expr | DEFAULT } ]... )
varray_col_properties
VARRAY varray_item { [ substitutable_column_clause ] STORE AS LOB { [ LOB_segname ] (LOB_parameters) | LOB_segname } | substitutable_column_clause }
where_clause
WHERE condition
windowing_clause
{ ROWS | RANGE } { BETWEEN { UNBOUNDED PRECEDING | CURRENT ROW | value_expr { PRECEDING | FOLLOWING } } AND { UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING | CURRENT ROW | value_expr { PRECEDING | FOLLOWING } } | { UNBOUNDED PRECEDING | CURRENT ROW | value_expr PRECEDING } }
XMLATTRIBUTES (value_expr [ AS c_alias ] [, value_expr [ AS c_alias ] ]... )
XMLNAMESPACES ( [ string AS identifier ] [ [, string AS identifier ] ]... [ DEFAULT string ] )
PASSING [ BY VALUE ] expr [ AS identifier ] [, expr [ AS identifier ] ]...
column { FOR ORDINALITY | datatype [ PATH string ] [ DEFAULT expr ] }
XMLSchema_spec
[ XMLSCHEMA XMLSchema_URL ] ELEMENT { element | XMLSchema_URL # element }
XMLType_column_properties
XMLTYPE [ COLUMN ] column [ XMLType_storage ] [ XMLSchema_spec ]
XMLType_storage
STORE AS { OBJECT RELATIONAL | CLOB [ { LOB_segname [ (LOB_parameters) ] | LOB_parameters } ]
XMLType_table
CREATE TABLE [ GLOBAL TEMPORARY ] TABLE [ schema. ]table OF XMLTYPE [ (oject_properties) ] [ XMLTYPE XMLType_storage ] [ XMLSchema_spec ] [ ON COMMIT { DELETE | PRESERVE } ROWS ] [ OID_clause ] [ OID_index_clause ] [ physical_properties ] [ table_properties ] ;
XMLType_view_clause
OF XMLTYPE [ XMLSchema_spec ] WITH OBJECT IDENTIFIER { DEFAULT | ( expr [, expr ]...) }