8 Understanding the Oracle Ultra Search Administration Tool

Attributes

Search attributes can be mapped to table columns, document attributes, and e-mail headers. Some attributes, such as author and description, are predefined and need no configuration. However, you can customize your own attributes. To set custom search attributes to expose to the query user, use the Attributes Page.

Data Groups

Data source groups are logical entities exposed to the search engine user. When entering a query, the search engine user is asked to select one or more data groups to search from. A data group consists of one or more data sources. To define data groups, use the Queries Page.

Creating a Regular Instance

To create an instance, do the following:

1. Prepare the database user.

   Every Oracle Ultra Search instance is based on a database user and schema with the WKUSER role.

   The database user you create to house the Oracle Ultra Search instance should be assigned a dedicated self-contained tablespace. This is important if you plan to ever create snapshot instances of this instance. To do this, create a new tablespace. Then, create a new database user whose default tablespace is the one you just created.

   See Also:

   • "Configuring the Oracle Server for Oracle Ultra Search" for information and instructions on configuring database users for Oracle Ultra Search

   • "Creating a Snapshot Instance"

2. Follow the instance creation steps in the Oracle Ultra Search administration tool.

   From the main instance creation page, click Create Instance, and provide the following information:

   • Instance name

   • Database schema: this is the user name from Step 1.

   • Schema password

   You can also enter the following optional index preferences:

   • Lexer

     Specify the name of the lexer you want to use for indexing. The lexer breaks text into tokens according to your language. These tokens are usually words. The default lexer is wksys.wk_lexer, as defined in the wk0pref.sql file. After the instance is created, the lexer can no longer be changed.

   • Stoplist

     Specify the name of a stoplist you want to use during indexing. The default stoplist is wksys.wk_stoplist, as defined in the wk0pref.sql file. Avoid modifying the stoplist after the instance has been created.

   • Storage

     Specify the name of the storage preference for the index of your instance. The default storage preference is wksys.wk_storage, as defined in the wk0pref.sql file. After the instance is created, the storage preference cannot be changed.

   See Also:

   • Oracle Text Reference for more information on these creating and modifying lexers, stoplists, and storage

   • "Managing Stoplists"

Creating a Snapshot Instance

A snapshot instance is a copy of another instance. Unlike a regular instance, a snapshot instance is read only; it does not synchronize its index to the search domain. After the master instance re-synchronizes to the search domain, the snapshot instance becomes out of date. At that point, you should delete the snapshot and create a new one.

A snapshot instance is useful for the following purposes:

• Query Processing

  Two Oracle Ultra Search instances can answer queries about the same search domain. Therefore, in a set amount of time, two instances can answer more queries about that domain than one instance. Because snapshot instances do not involve crawling and indexing, snapshot instance creation is fast and inexpensive. Thus, snapshot instances can improve scalability.

• Backups

  If the master instance becomes corrupted, its snapshot can be transformed into a regular instance by editing the instance mode to updatable. Because the snapshot and its master instance cannot reside on the same database, a snapshot instance should be made updatable only to replace a corrupted master instance.

A snapshot instance does not inherit authentication from the master instance. Therefore, if you make a snapshot instance updatable, you must re-enter any authentication information needed to crawl the search domain.

To create a snapshot instance, do the following:

1. Prepare the database user.

   As with regular instances, snapshot instances require a database user. This user must have been granted the WKUSER role.

2. Copy the data from the master instance.

   This is done with the transportable tablespace mechanism, which does not permit renaming of tablespaces. Therefore, a snapshot instance cannot be created on the same database as its master.

   Identify the tablespace or the set of tablespaces that contain all the master instance data. Then, copy it, and plug it into the database user from Step 1.

3. Follow snapshot instance creation in the Oracle Ultra Search administration tool.

   From the main instance creation page, click Create Read-Only Snapshot Instance, and provide the following information:

   • Snapshot instance name

   • Snapshot schema name: this is the database user from Step 1.

   • Snapshot schema password

   • Database link: this is the name of the database link to the database where the master instance lives.

   • Master instance name

4. Enable the snapshot for secure searches.

   If the master instance for the snapshot of is secure-search enabled and if the destination database that you are making a snapshot in supports secure-search enabled instances, then you must also run a PL/SQL procedure in the destination database where you are creating the snapshot.

   Running this procedure translates the IDs of the access control lists (ACLs) in the destination database, rendering them usable. Log on to the database as the WKSYS user. Invoke the procedure as follows:

   exec WK_ADM.USE_INSTANCE('instance_name'); 
   exec WK_ADM.TRANSLATE_ACL_IDS();
   
   

   where instance_name is the name of the snapshot instance

Make sure that this statement completes successfully without error.

Instance Mode

You can change the instance mode to updatable or read only. Updatable instances synchronize themselves to the search domain on a set schedule, whereas read-only instances (snapshot instances) do not do any synchronization. To set the instance mode, select the box corresponding the to mode you want, and click Apply.

Schema Password

An Oracle Ultra Search instance must know the password of the database user in which it resides. The instance cannot get this information directly from the database. During instance creation, Oracle provides the database user password, and the instance caches this information.

If this database user password changes, then the password that the instance has cached must be updated. To do this, enter the new password and click Apply. After the new password is verified against the database, it replaces the cached password.

Summary of Crawler Activity

This provides a general summary of crawler activity:

• Aggregate crawler statistics

• Total number of documents indexed

• Crawler statistics by data source type

Detailed Crawler Statistics

This includes the following:

• List of hosts crawled and indexed

• Document distribution by depth

• Document distribution by document type

• Document distribution by data source type

Crawler Progress

This displays crawler progress for the past week. It shows the total number of documents that have been indexed for exactly one week prior to the current time. The Time column rounds the current time to the nearest hour.

Problematic URLs

This lists errors encountered during the crawling process. It also lists the number of URLs that cause each error.

HTTP Authentication

Oracle Ultra Search supports both basic and digest authentication.

Specify the user name and password for the host and realm for which HTTP authentication is required. For example, enter "myproxy.mydomain", "LDAP", "myname", and "mypassword" as the host, realm, user name, and password.

The realm is a name associated with the protected area of a Web site. It is a string that you provide to log on to such a protected page.

For proxy authentication, enter the user name, password, and realm of the proxy server.

HTML Form Authentication

HTML forms are used on the World Wide Web to collect information from a user. One common usage is to collect authentication information. Text boxes for entering your username and password on an HTML page use HTML form authentication.

HTML forms vary in complexity. They can be simple or very complex incorporating a lot of Javascript. The following example shows a simple HTML form with two text fields.

<FORM action="http://somesite.com/prog/adduser" method="post" name="MyForm">
  <LABEL for"i1>Username: </LABEL>
  <INPUT name="username" type="text" id="i1"><BR>
  <LABEL for="i2>Password: </LABEL>
  <INPUT name="passwd" type="passwd" id="i2"><BR>
</FORM>

In a browser this will look like Figure 8-1.

Figure 8-1 HTML Form

Description of the illustration Clipboard.gif

Where:

name = form name

method = weather an HTTP POST or GET should be used for form data submission

action = the URL where the data should be submitted (this is usually a servlet of some sort)

INPUT elements = these are called form controls. In this example, there is a "text" box type control, and a "password" type, which is also a text box but it hides the text typed into it. Although there are many different types of controls, when the form is submitted, the controls translate to simple name-value pairs and are sent as such to the action URL. The name is the name of the INPUT element, whereas the value is the value entered by the user (using a text box, a dropdown, and so on).

Wizard-Based HTML Form Registration

The preferred way to register a form is using the HTML form registration wizard. The lets you fill out the form as usual while it tries to capture the submitted data. You specify the page with the form; the wizard fetches it and displays it; you fill out and submit the form, as when accessing it directly through a Web browser; the wizard shows the Web site's response to the submitted form; and then you confirm if the form submission was a success.

This whole process is quick and simple. However, the HTML form registration wizard cannot handle forms that use Javascript. It might handle some depending on what is being done with Javascript, but there are no guarantees. The alternative is to do a manual form registration.

Manual HTML Form Registration

To do manual registration you must be familiar with the anatomy of the form you are registering. You can see the form by browsing to it and asking from the Web browser to display the page source.

As with the wizard based registration, you start by specifying the URL of the page containing the HTML form. Next you provide the following bits of information:

• name = Form name

• action URL = URL where the form is submitted (see preceding section on the form anatomy)

• success URL = URL where one gets redirected upon successful submission of the form

• controls = All the form controls and their desired values

When Javascript is used, some of these values might not be obvious, because the Javascript might be manipulating them or adding new controls dynamically. So, you need to understand the role that Javascript is playing.

Creating Web Sources

To create a new Web source, do the following:

1. Specify a name for the Web source and a starting address. This is the URL for the crawler to begin crawling. The starting address can be HTTP or HTTPS.

2. Set URL boundary rules to refine the crawling space. You can include or exclude hosts or domains beginning with, ending with, or equal to a specific name.

   For example, an inclusion domain ending with oracle.com limits the Oracle Ultra Search crawler to hosts belonging to Oracle worldwide. Anything ending with oracle.com is crawled; but, http://www.oracle.com.tw is not crawled. If you change the inclusion domain to yahoo.com with a new seed http://www.yahoo.com, then all oracle.com URLs are dropped by the crawler.

   An exclusion domain uk.oracle.com prevents the crawler from crawling Oracle hosts in the United Kingdom. You can also include or exclude Web sites with a specific port. (By default, all ports are crawled.) You can have port inclusion or port exclusion rules for a specific host, but not both. Exclusion rules always override inclusion rules.

3. Specify the types of documents the Oracle Ultra Search crawler should process for this source. HTML and plain text are default document types that the crawler always processes.

4. Specify the authentication settings. This step is optional. Under HTTP Authentication, specify the user name and password for host and realm for which authentication is required. The realm is a name associated with the protected area of a Web site. Under HTML Forms, you can register HTML forms that you want the Oracle Ultra Search crawler to automatically fill out during Web crawling. HTML form support requires that HTTP cookie functionality is enabled. Cookies remember context between HTTP requests. For example, the server can send a cookie such that it knows if a user has already logged on and does not need to log on again. Cookie support is enabled by default. Click Register HTML Form to register authentication forms protecting the data source. Note: For the form URL to be crawled, you must verify that the URL is not excluded in the robots.txt file. If so, then you must disable robot exclusion for this data source. (By default, Oracle Ultra Search enables robot exclusion.)

5. Choose either No ACL or Ultra Search ACL for the data source. When a user performs a search, the ACL (access control list) controls which documents the user can access. The default is no ACL, with all documents considered searchable and visible. You can add more than one group and user to the ACL for the data source. The option to choose is only available if the instance is security-enabled.

6. Define, edit, or delete metatag mappings for your Web source. Metatags are descriptive tags in the HTML document header. One metatag can map to only one search attribute.

7. Override the default crawler settings for each Web source. This step is optional. The parameters you can override are the crawling depth, the number of crawler threads, the language, the crawler timeout threshold, the character set, the maximum cookie size, the maximum number of cookies, and the maximum number of cookies for each host. You can also enable or disable robots exclusion, language detection, the UrlRewriter, indexing dynamic Web pages, HTTP cookies, and whether content of the cookie log file is shown. (You can also edit those in Edit Web Sources.)

   Robots exclusion lets you control which parts of your sites can be visited by robots. If robots exclusion is enabled (default), then the Web crawler traverses the pages based on the access policy specified in the Web server robots.txt file. For example, when a robot visits http://www.foobar.com/, it checks for http://www.foobar.com/robots.txt. If the robot finds it, the crawler analyzes its contents to see if it is permitted to retrieve the document. If you own the Web sites, then you can disable robots exclusions. However, when crawling other Web sites, you should always comply with robots.txt by enabling robots exclusion.

   The URL Rewriter is a user-supplied Java module for implementing the Oracle Ultra Search UrlRewriter interface. It is used by the crawler to filter or rewrite extracted URL links before they are put into the URL queue. URL filtering removes unwanted links, and ULR rewriting transforms the URL link. This transformation is necessary when access URLs are used.

   The UrlRewriter provides the following possible outcomes for links:

   • There is no change to the link. The crawler inserts it as it is.

   • Discard the link. There is no insertion.

   • A new display URL is returned, replacing the URL link for insertion.

   • A display URL and an access URL are returned. The display URL may or may not be identical to the URL link.

   The generated new URL link is subject to all existing host, path, and mimetype inclusion and exclusion rules.

   You must put the implemented rewriter class in a jar file and provide the class name and jar file name here.

   If Index Dynamic Page is set to Yes, then dynamic URLs are crawled and indexed. For data sources already crawled with this option, setting Index Dynamic Page to No and recrawling the data source removes all dynamic URLs from the index.

   Note:

   There is a restriction that the crawler cannot crawl and index dynamic Web pages written in JavaScript.

   Some dynamic pages appear as multiple search hits for the same page, and you may not want them all indexed. Other dynamic pages are each different and need to be indexed. You must distinguish between these two kinds of dynamic pages. In general, dynamic pages that only change in menu expansion without affecting its contents should not be indexed. Consider the following three URLs:

   http://itweb.oraclecorp.com/aboutit/network/npe/standards/naming_convention.html
   
   http://itweb.oraclecorp.com/aboutit/network/npe/standards/naming_convention.html?nsdnv=14z1
   
   http://itweb.oraclecorp.com/aboutit/network/npe/standards/naming_convention.html?nsdnv=14
   

   The question mark ('?') in the URL indicates that the rest of the strings are input parameters. The duplicate hits are essentially the same page with different side menu expansion. Ideally, the query should yield only one result:

   http://itweb.oraclecorp.com/aboutit/network/npe/standards/naming_convention.html
   
   

   Dynamic page index control applies to the whole data source. So, if a Web site has both kinds of dynamic pages, you need to define them separately as two data sources in order to control the indexing of those dynamic pages.

Creating Table Sources

To create a table source, click Create Table Source, and follow these steps:

1. Specify a table source name, and the name of the database link, schema, and table. (Database links are configured manually using SQL CREATE DATABASE LINK against the Oracle Ultra Search instance in question. After you create the database link, it shows up in the drop down list.) Click Locate Table.

2. Specify settings for your table source, such as the default language and the primary key column. You can also specify the column where final content should be delivered, and the type of data stored in that column; for example, HTML, plain text, or binary. For information on default languages, see "Crawler Page".

3. Verify the information about your table source.

4. Decide whether or not to use the Oracle Ultra Search logging mechanism to optimize the crawling of table data sources. When crawling is enabled, only newly updated documents are revisited during the crawling process. You can enable logging for Oracle tables, enable logging for non-Oracle tables, or disable the logging mechanism. If you enable logging, then you are prompted to create a log table and log triggers. Oracle SQL statements are provided for Oracle tables. If you are using non-Oracle tables, then you must manually create a log table and log triggers. Follow the examples provided to create the log table and log triggers. After you have created the table, enter the table name in Log Table Name.

5. Map table columns to search attributes. Each table column can be mapped to exactly one search attribute. This lets the search engine seamlessly search data from the table source.

6. Specify the display URL template or column for the table source. This step is optional. Oracle Ultra Search uses a default text viewer for table data sources. If you specify Display URL, then Oracle Ultra Search uses the Web URL defined to display the table data retrieved. If Display URL column is available, then Oracle Ultra Search uses the column to get the URL to display the table data source content. You can also specify display URL templates in the following format: http://hostname:port/path?parameter_name=$(key1) where key1 is the corresponding table's primary key column. For example, assume that you can use the following URL to query the bug number 1234567, and the bug number is the primary key of the table: http://bug:7777/pls/bug?rptno=1234567. You can set the table source display URL template to http://bug:7777/pls/bug?rptno=$(key1).

   The Table Column to Key Mappings section provides mapping information. Oracle Ultra Search supports table keys in STRING, NUMBER, or DATE type. If key1 is of NUMBER or DATE type, then you must specify the format model used by the Web site so that Oracle knows how to interpret the string. For example, the date format model for the string '11-Nov-1999' is 'DD-Mon-YYYY'. You can also map other table columns to Oracle Ultra Search attributes. Do not map the text column.

7. Specify the ACL (access control list) policy for the data source. When a user performs a search, the ACL controls which documents the user can access. The default is no ACL, with all documents considered public and visible. Alternatively, you can specify to use Oracle Ultra Search ACL. You can add more than one group and user to the ACL for the data source. The option to choose is available only if the instance is security-enabled.

Editing Table Sources

On the main Table Sources page, click Edit to change the name of the table source. You can change, add, or delete table column and search attribute mappings; change the display URL template or column; and view values of the table source settings.

Table Sources Comprised of More Than One Table

If a table source has more than one table, then a view joining the relevant tables must be created. Oracle Ultra Search then uses this view as the table source. For example, two tables with a master-detail relationship can be joined through a SELECT statement on the master table and a user-implemented PL/SQL function that concatenate the detail table rows.

Limitations With Database Links

The following restrictions apply to base tables or views on a remote database that are accessed over a database link by the crawler.

• If the text column of the base table or view is of type BLOB or CLOB, then the table must have a ROWID column. A table or view might not have a ROWID column for various reasons, including the following:

  • A view is comprised of a join of one or more tables.

  • A view is based on a single table using a GROUP BY clause.

  The best way to know if a remote table or view can be safely crawled by Oracle Ultra Search is to check for the existence of the ROWID column. To do so, run the following SQL statement against that table or view using SQL*Plus:

  SELECT MIN(ROWID) FROM table_name/view_name;
  

• The base table or view cannot have text columns of type BFILE, RAW.

Creating E-mail Sources

To create e-mail sources, you must enter an e-mail address and a description. Optionally, you can specify e-mail aliases and ACL policy. The description can be viewed by all search end users, so you should specify a short but meaningful name. When you create (register) an e-mail source, the name you use is the e-mail of the mailing list. If the e-mails are not sent to one of the registered mailing lists, then those e-mails are not crawled.

You can specify e-mail address aliases for an e-mail source. Specifying an alias for an e-mail source causes all e-mails sent to the main e-mail address, as well as the alias address, to be gathered by the crawler. An alias is useful when two or more e-mail addresses are logically the same. For example, an e-mail source representing the distribution list list@company.com can have the alternate address list@my.company.com. If list@my.company.com is added to the alias list, then e-mail sent to that address are treated as if they were sent to list@company.com.

Specify the ACL (access control list) policy for the data source. When a user performs a search, the ACL controls which documents the user can access. The default is no ACL, with all documents considered searchable and visible. You can add more than one group and user to the ACL for the data source.

Creating File Sources

To create a new file source, do the following:

1. Specify a name for the file source and the default language.

2. Designate files or directories to be crawled. If a URL represents a single file, then the Oracle Ultra Search crawler searches only that file. If a URL represents a directory, then the crawler recursively crawls all files and subdirectories in that directory.

3. Specify inclusion and exclusion paths to modify the crawling space associated with this file source. This step is optional. An inclusion path limits the crawling space. An exclusion path lets you further define the crawling space. If neither path is specified, then crawling is limited to the underlying file system access privileges. Path rules are host-specific, but you can specify more than one path rule for each host. For example, on the same host, you can include path files://host/doc and exclude path files://host/doc/unwanted.

4. Specify the types of documents the Oracle Ultra Search crawler should process for this file source. HTML and plain text are default document types that the crawler always processes.

5. Oracle Ultra Search displays file data sources in text format. However, if you specify display URL for the file data source, then Oracle Ultra Search uses the URL to display the file data source.

   With display URL for file data sources, the URL uses network protocols, such as HTTP or HTTPS, to access the file data source. To generate display URL for the file data source, specify the prefix of the original file URL and the prefix of the display URL. Oracle Ultra Search replaces the prefix of the file URL with the prefix of the display URL.

   For example, if your file URL is file:///home/operation/doc/file.doc and the display URL is https://webhost/client/doc/file.doc, then you can specify the file URL prefix to file:///home/operation and the display URL prefix to https://webhost/client.

6. Specify the ACL (access control list) policy for the data source. When a user performs a search, the ACL controls which documents the user can access. The default is no ACL, with all documents considered searchable and visible. Alternatively, you can specify using the Oracle Ultra Search ACL. You can add more than one group and user to the ACL for the data source. The option to choose is only available if the instance is security-enabled.

Oracle Portal Sources

Oracle Ultra Search can only crawl public Oracle AS Portal sources. See the Oracle Application Server Portal Configuration Guide for how to set up public pages.

To create a Portal source, you must first register your portal with Oracle Ultra Search. To register your portal:

1. Provide a name and portal URL base. The portal name is used to identify this portal entry in the Oracle Portal List page. The URL base is the beginning portion of the portal homepage. This include host name, port number, and DAD. After it is created, the portal URL base is not updatable. Click Register Portal. Oracle Ultra Search attempts to contact the Oracle Application Server Portal instance and retrieve information about it.

2. Choose one or more page groups for indexing. A portal data source is created for each page group. Click Delete to remove existing portal data sources.

You can edit the types of documents the Oracle Ultra Search crawler should process for a portal source. HTML and plain text are default document types that the crawler always processes. To edit document types, click Edit for the portal source after it has been created.

Federated Sources

To create a federated source, specify the name and JNDI for the new data source. By default, no resource adapter is available.

To create a federated source, you must manually deploy the Oracle Ultra Search resource adapter, or searchlet. A searchlet is a Java module deployed in the middle tier (inside OC4J) that searches the data in an enterprise information system on behalf of a user. A searchlet is a Java module deployed in the middle tier (inside OC4J) that searches the data in an enterprise information system on behalf of a user. When a user's query is delegated to the searchlet, the searchlet runs the query on behalf of the user. Every searchlet is a JCA 1.0 compliant resource adapter.

java -jar admin.jar ormi://<hostname> <admin> <welcome> -deployconnector -file
ultrasearch_searchlet.rar -name UltraSearchSearchlet

<connector-factory location="eis/UltraSearch" connector-name="Ultra Search Adapter">
 <config-property name="connectionURL" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@dbhost:1521:sid"/>
 <config-property name=:userName" value="wk_test"/>
 <config-property name="passwors" value="wk_test"/>
 <config-property name="instanceName" value="wk_test"/>
</connector-factory>

java -jar admin.jar ormi://<hostname> <admin> <welcome> -deployment -file
federator_searchlet.rar -name FederatorSearchlet

<connector-factory location="eis/Federator" connector-name="Federator Adapter">
 <config-property name="connectionURL" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@dbhost:1521:sid"/>
 <config-property name="userName" value="wk_test"/>
 <config-property name="password" value="wk_test"/>
 <config-property name=InstanceName" value="wk_test"/>
</connector-factory>

Creating User-Defined Data Source Types

To create, edit, or delete data source types, click Manage Source Types. To create a new type, click Create New Type.

1. Specify data source type name, description, and crawler agent Java class file or jar file name. The crawler agent Java classpath is predefined at installation time. The agent collects the list of document URLs and associated metadata from the proprietary document source and returns it to the Oracle Ultra Search crawler, which enqueues the information for later crawling. The agent class file or jar file must be located under $ORACLE_HOME/ultrasearch/lib/agent/.

2. Specify parameters for this data source type. If you add parameters, you must enter the parameter name and a description. Also, you must decide whether to encrypt the parameter value.

Edit data source type information by changing the data source type name, description, crawler agent Java class/jar file name, or parameters.

Creating User-Defined Sources

To create a user-defined data source, select the type and click Go.

1. Specify a name, default language, and parameter values for the data source. For information on default languages, see the Crawler Page.

2. Specify the authentication settings. This step is optional. Under HTTP Authentication, specify the user name and password for host and realm for which authentication is required. The realm is a name associated with the protected area of a Web site. Under HTML Forms, you can register HTML forms that you want the Oracle Ultra Search crawler to automatically fill out during Web crawling. HTML form support requires that HTTP cookie functionality is enabled. Cookies remember context between HTTP requests. For example, the server can send a cookie such that it knows if a user has already logged on and does not need to log on again. Cookie support is enabled by default. Click Register HTML Form to register authentication forms protecting the data source.

3. Specify the ACL policy for the data source: no ACL, repository-generated ACL, or Oracle Ultra Search ACL. When a user performs a search, the ACL controls which documents the user can access. The default is no ACL, with all documents considered searchable and visible. For the Oracle Ultra Search ACL, you can add more than one group and user to the ACL for the data source.

4. Specify mappings. This step is optional. Document attributes are automatically mapped directly to the search attribute with the same name during crawling. If you want document attributes to map to another search attribute, then you can specify it here. The crawler picks up attributes that have been returned by the crawler agent or specified here.

5. Edit crawling parameters.

6. Specify the document types that the crawler should process for this data source. By default, HTML and plain text are always processed.

You can edit user-defined data sources by changing the name, type, default language, or starting address.

Creating Synchronization Schedules

To create a new schedule, click Create New Schedule and follow these steps:

1. Name the schedule.

2. Pick a schedule frequency and determine whether the schedule should automatically accept all URLs for indexing or examine URLs before indexing. For initial planning purposes, you might want the crawler to collect URLs without indexing. After crawling is done, you can examine document URLs and status, remove unwanted documents, and start indexing. You can also associate the schedule with a remote crawler profile.

   You can set the frequency to Manual Launch. In this case, the interval remains in SCHEDULED status until you explicitly invoke data synchronization by clicking Execute Immediately (see "Launching Synchronization Schedules").

3. Assign data sources to the schedule. After a data source has been assigned to a group, it cannot be assigned to other groups.

Updating Schedules

Update the indexing option in the Update Schedule page.

Editing Synchronization Schedules

After a synchronization schedule has been defined, you can do the following in the Synchronization Schedules List:

• To assign the schedule to either a crawler that runs on the database host or a remote crawler that runs on a separate host, click Hostname.

• To change its frequency, click the schedule interval text.

• To alter its status, click Status.

• To delete it, click Delete.

• To edit its name, data source assignments, recrawl policy, or crawling mode, click Edit. When the crawler retrieves a document, it checks to see if it has changed. By default, if the document has not changed, the crawler does not process it. In certain situations, you might want to force the crawler to reprocess all documents. Click Edit to edit schedules in the following ways:

  • Update schedule name. This step is optional. To change the schedule name, specify a name for the schedule, and click Update Schedule Name.

  • Assign data sources to schedule. To assign a data source, select one or more available sources and click >>. After a data source has been assigned to a group, it cannot be assigned to any other group. To undo assignments of a data source, select one or more scheduled sources and click <<.

  • Update crawler recrawl policy. You can update the recrawl policy to the following:

  • • Process Documents That Have Changed: This is maintenance crawling. Only documents that have changed are recrawled and indexed. For Web data sources, if there are new links in the updated document, then they are followed. For file data sources, new files are collected if its parent directory has changed.

    • Process All Documents: The crawler recrawls the data source. For example, suppose you want to crawl only text and HTML on a Web site. Later, you also want to crawl Microsoft Word and Adobe PDF documents. You must modify the document types for the source, edit the schedule to select Process All Documents, then rerun the schedule so that the crawler picks up PDF and doc document types for this data source. The crawler treats every document as if it has been changed, which means each document is fetched and processed again.

    Upon relaunching the schedule, the following rules determine which URLs will be recrawled:

    • If the previous crawl did not finish (for example, you stopped the crawling or the database tablespace was full), then the crawler only crawls URLs left in the URL queue. URLs already crawled are not touched on recrawl.

    • If the URL queue is empty but there is a new seed added since the last crawl, then the crawler only crawls the new seed.

    • If the URL queue is empty and there is no new seed URL, then the crawler recrawls all crawled URLs.

    Therefore, if you stop the crawler and set Index Dynamic Pages to No, this only affects the URLs in the queue yet to be crawled. The already crawled dynamic pages are removed from the index on the third recrawl when the queue is empty.

  Note:

  All crawled URLs are subject to crawler setting enforcement, not just newly crawled URLs.

  • Update crawling mode. You can update the crawling mode to the following:

    • Automatically accept all URLs for indexing: This mode crawls and indexes.

    • Examine URLs before indexing: This mode crawls only. For initial planning purposes, you might want the crawler to collect URLs without indexing. After crawling is done, you can examine document URLs and status, remove unwanted documents, and start indexing.

    • Index only: This mode indexes only.

    The crawler behaves differently for the documents collected.

  Crawling mode and recrawl policy can be combined for six different combinations. For example, Process All Documents and Index Only forces reindexing existing documents in this data source, while Process Documents That Have Changed and Index Only re-indexes only changed documents.

Launching Synchronization Schedules

A schedule's synchronization frequency can be identical to another schedule's synchronization frequency. This gives you maximum flexibility in managing data source synchronization.

You can launch a synchronization schedule in the following ways:

• Set a schedule frequency and wait for the predetermined launch time.

• Run it immediately. To do so, click Status, then Execute Immediately.

• Manually start the schedule.

The launch of a schedule does not perform any enqueue if the URL queue is not empty or if there is a new seed added since the last crawl. For example, if the user stopped the crawler earlier or if the crawler terminated because of insufficient Oracle table space, then the URL queue is not empty. So, on the next launch the crawler does not try to enqueue; instead it works on the existing URL queue until it is empty. In other words, enqueue is only performed when the queue is empty at launch time.

Synchronization Status and Crawler Progress

Click the link in the status column to see the synchronization schedule status. To see the crawling progress for any data source associated with this schedule, click Statistics.

If you decide to examine URLs before indexing for the schedule, then after you run the schedule, the schedule status is shown as "Indexing Pending".

In data harvesting mode, you should begin crawling first. After crawling is done, click Examine URL to examine document URLs and status, remove unwanted documents, and start indexing. After you click Begin Index, you see schedule status change from launching, running, scheduled, and so on.

You can see the following statistics:

• Data source type

• Data source name

• Start time

• Finish time

• Elapsed time

• Total indexing time

• Total size of document data collected

• Average document size

• Average fetch throughput

It also contains the following statistics:

• Documents to fetch

• Documents fetched: This includes all types of documents fetched.

• Document fetch failures: This can be an Oracle HTTP Server timeout or another HTTP server error.

• Documents rejected: The document is not within the URL boundary rule.

• Documents discovered: This includes all types of documents discovered.

• Documents indexed

• Documents non-indexable: This can be a file directory, a portal page that is a discovery node, or a robot metatag that specifies no index.

• Document conversion failures: The binary file filter failed.