Limitations and Restrictions on ODP.NET Within .NET Stored Procedure

Implicit Database Connection

Within a .NET stored procedure, an implicit database connection is available for use to access Oracle data. This implicit database connection should be used rather than establishing a user connection because the implicit database connection is already established by the caller of the .NET stored procedure, thereby minimizing resource usage.

To obtain an OracleConnection object in a .NET stored procedure that represents the implicit database connection, set the ConnectionString property of the OracleConnection object to "context connection=true" and invoke the Open method. Other connection string attributes cannot be used in conjunction with "context connection" when it is set to true.

The availability of the implicit database connection can be checked at runtime through the static OracleConnection.IsAvailable property. This property always returns true when Oracle Data Provider for .NET is used within a .NET stored procedure. Otherwise, false is returned.

Only one implicit database connection is available within a .NET stored procedure invocation. To establish more connections in addition to the implicit database connection, an explicit connection must be created. When the Close method is invoked on the OracleConnection that represents the implicit database connection, the connection is not actually closed. Therefore, the Open method of the same or another OracleConnection object can be invoked to obtain the connection that represents the implicit database connection.

The implicit database connection can only be acquired by the Open method invocation by a native Oracle thread that initially invokes the .NET stored procedure. However, threads spawned from the native Oracle thread can use implicit database connections that are obtained by the native Oracle thread.

Transaction Support

The .NET stored procedure execution automatically inherits the current transaction on the implicit database connection. However, no explicit transaction can be started, committed, or rolled back inside a .NET stored procedure. For example, OracleConnection.BeginTransaction is not allowed for .NET stored procedure. Neither local nor distributed transaction support is available for a .NET stored procedure. If you have enlisted a client connection in a distributed transaction and call a .NET stored procedure or a function, an error occurs.

If a .NET stored procedure or function performs operations on the database that are required to be part of a transaction, the transaction must be started prior to calling the .NET stored procedure. Any desired commit or rollback must be performed after returning from the .NET stored procedure or function.

.NET stored procedures do not support distributed transactions. If you have enlisted a client connection in a distributed transaction and call a .NET stored procedure or function, an error occurs.

The following example consists of a client application and a .NET stored procedure, InsertRecordSP, that inserts an employee record into an EMP table.

Example (.NET Stored Procedure)

using System;
using System.Data;
using Oracle.DataAccess.Client;
// This class represents an Oracle .NET stored procedure that inserts
// an employee record into an EMP table of SCOTT schema.
public class InsertRecordSP
{
    // This procedure will insert a row into the emp database
    // For simplicity we are using only two parameters, the rest are hard coded
    public static void InsertRecord( int EmpNo, string EmpName )
    {
        if(OracleConnection.IsAvailable == true )
        {
            OracleConnection conn = OracleConnection("context connection=true");
            conn.Open();
            // Create new command object from connection context
            OracleCommand Cmd = conn.CreateCommand();
            Cmd.CommandText = "INSERT INTO EMP( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB," +
                "MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO ) " +
                "VALUES ( :1, :2, 'ANALYST', 7566, " +
                "'06-DEC-04', 5000, 0, 20 )";
            Cmd.Parameters.Add( ":1", OracleDbType.Int32,
                EmpNo, ParameterDirection.Input );
            Cmd.Parameters.Add( ":2", OracleDbType.Varchar2,
                EmpName, ParameterDirection.Input );
            Cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
        }
    }
}

Example (Client Application)

The example enters new employee, Bernstein, employee number 7950, into the EMP table.

// C#
// This sample demonstrates how to start the transaction with ODP.NET client 
// application and execute an Oracle .NET stored procedure that performs
// a DML operation. Since .NET stored procedure inherits the current
// transaction from the implicit database connection,  DML operation 
// in .NET stored procedure will not be in auto-committed mode.
// Therefore, it is up to the client application to do a COMMIT or ROLLBACK
// after returning from .NET stored procedure
using System;
using System.Data;
using Oracle.DataAccess.Client;
// In this class we are starting a transaction on the client side and
// executing a .NET stored procedure, which inserts a record into EMP
// table and then verifies record count before and after COMMIT statement
class TransactionSample
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        OracleConnection Conn = null;
        OracleTransaction Txn = null;
        OracleCommand Cmd = null;
        try
        {
            Console.WriteLine( "Sample: Open DB connection in non auto-committed" +
           "mode," +
                "DML operation performed by .NET stored " +
                "procedure doesn't have an effect before COMMIT " +
                "is called." );
            // Create and Open oracle connection
            Conn = new OracleConnection();
            Conn.ConnectionString = "User Id=scott;Password=tiger;" +
                "Data Source=oracle;";
            Conn.Open();
            // Start transaction
            Txn = Conn.BeginTransaction( IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted );
            // Create command object
            Cmd = new OracleCommand();
            Cmd.Connection = Conn;
            Cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
            Cmd.CommandText = "InsertRecord"; // .NET Stored procedure
            // Parameter settings
            OracleParameter EmpNoPrm = Cmd.Parameters.Add(
                "empno", OracleDbType.Int32 );
            EmpNoPrm.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
            EmpNoPrm.Value = 7950;
            OracleParameter EmpNamePrm = Cmd.Parameters.Add(
                "ename", OracleDbType.Varchar2, 10 );
            EmpNamePrm.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
            EmpNamePrm.Value = "Bernstein";
            // Execute .NET stored procedure
            Cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            Console.WriteLine( "Number of record(s) before COMMIT {0}",
                RecordCount() );
            Txn.Commit();
            Console.WriteLine( "Number of record(s) after COMMIT {0}",
                RecordCount() );
        }
        catch( OracleException OE )
        {
            Console.WriteLine( OE.Message );
        }
        finally
        {
            // Cleanup objects
            if( null != Txn )
                Txn.Dispose();
            if( null != Cmd )
                Cmd.Dispose();
            if( null != Conn && Conn.State == ConnectionState.Open )
                Conn.Close();
        }
    }
    static int RecordCount()
    {
        int EmpCount = 0;
        OracleConnection Conn = null;
        OracleCommand Cmd = null;
        try
        {
            Conn = new OracleConnection( "User Id=scott;Password=tiger;" +
                "Data Source=oracle;" );
            Conn.Open();
            Cmd = new OracleCommand( "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM EMP;", Conn );
            Object o = Cmd.ExecuteScalar();
            EmpCount = Convert.ToInt32(o.ToString());
        }
        catch( OracleException OE )
        {
            Console.WriteLine( OE.Message );
        }
        finally
        {
            if( null != Cmd )
                Cmd.Dispose();

Unsupported SQL Commands

Transaction controls commands such as COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT are not supported in a .NET stored procedure.

Data definition commands such as CREATE and ALTER are not supported with an implicit database connection, but they are supported with an explicit user connection in a .NET stored procedure.